d, was sung and
whistled from one end of England to the other, in derision of the
King's policy. It undoubtably had a powerful popular influence in
bringing on the Revolution of 1688.
The ballad began:
"Ho, Brother Teague, dost hear de decree?
Lilli Burlero, bullen a-la,
Dat we shall have a new deputie,
Lilli Burlero, bullen a-la."
The refrain, "Lilli Burlero," etc. (also written
"Lillibullero"), is said to have been the watchword used by the Irish
Catholics when they rose against the Protestants of Ulster in 1641.
See Wilkins's "Political Songs," Vol I.

Having got the courts completely under his control through the
appointment of judges in sympathy with Jeffreys (S487) and with
himself, the King issued a Declaration of Indulgence similar to that
which his brother Charles II had issued (S477).[1] It suspended all
penal laws against both the Roman Catholics on the one hand, and the
Protestant Dissenters (S472) on the other. The latter, however,
suspecting that this apparently liberal measure was simply a trick to
establish Catholicism, refused to avail themselves of it, and
denounced it as an open violation of the Constitution.

[1] See Summary of Constitutional History in the Appendix, p. xxi,
S23.

James next proceeded, by means of the tyrannical High Commission
Court, which he had revived (S382), to bring Magdalen College, Oxford,
under Catholic control. The President of that college having died,
the Fellows were considering the choice of a successor. The King
ordered them to elect a Catholic. The Fellows refused to obey, and
elected a Protestant. James ejected the new President, and drove out
the Fellows, leaving them to depend on the charity of neighboring
country gentlemen for their support.

But the King, in attacking the rights of the college, had "run his
head against a wall,"[2] as he soon discovered to his sorrow. His
temporary success, however, emboldened him to reissue the first
Declaration of Indulgence (1688). Its real object, like that of the
first Declaration (S477), was to put Roman Catholics into still higher
positions of trust and power.

[2] "What building is that?" asked the Duke of Wellington of his
companion, Mr. Croker, pointing, as he spoke, to Magdalen College
wall, just as they entered Oxford in 1834. "That is the wall which
James II ran his head against," was the reply.

489. The Petit