mamelis Virginica_). The parts used are the leaves and
bark. This is a most valuable astringent and exerts a specific action
upon the nervous system. It arrests many forms of uterine hemorrhage
with great promptness, is a valuable agent in the treatment of piles,
and is useful in many forms of chronic throat and bronchial affections.
_Dose_-Of the infusion, one-fourth to one-half ounce; of the fluid
extract, eight to fifteen grains; of the concentrated principle,
Hamamelin, one fourth to one grain.

[Illustration: Fig. 122.
Cranesbill. ]

CRANESBILL (_Geranium Maculatum_). The root is used. This plant is also
known as Crow-foot, and Spotted Geranium. It is a pleasant, but powerful
astringent. _Dose_--Of the fluid extract, ten to thirty drops; of the
concentrated principle, Geranin, one to two grains.

[Illustration: Fig. 123.
Bugle-weed. ]

[Illustration: Fig. 124.
Hardhack. ]

HARDHACK (_Spirea Tomentosa_), Spirea, or Meadow Sweet. The stem and
leaves are used. It is a tonic and an astringent, and is used in
diarrhea and cholera-infantum. _Dose_--Of the infusion, one-half to one
ounce; of the fluid extract, three to six drops.

BUGLE-WEED (_Lycopus Virginicus_). This is variously known as
Water-hoarhound and Water-bugle. It is sedative and tonic, as well as
astringent, and is employed in hemorrhages and in incipient phthisis.
_Dose_--Of the infusion, one to two ounces; of the fluid extract,
fifteen to twenty-five drops; of the concentrated principle, Lycopin,
one-half to one grain.

[Illustration: Fig. 125.
Canada Fleabane. ]

CANADA FLEABANE (_Erigeron Canadense_). The leaves and flowers are used.
This plant, sometimes known as Colt's-tail, Pride-weed, or Butter-weed,
is astringent, and has been efficiently employed in uterine hemorrhages.
_Dose_--Of the infusion (two ounces of the herb to one pint of water),
one to two ounces; of the oil, five to ten drops on sugar, repeated at
intervals of from one to four hours.

CATECHU (_Acacia Catechu_). A tincture of this plant is a pure, powerful
astringent, and is especially useful in chronic diarrhea, chronic
catarrh, and chronic dysentery. _Dose_--Of the powder, five to twenty
grains; of the tincture, one-half to two teaspoonfuls.

TANNIN (_Acidum, Tannicum_). This acid has a wide range of application.
It is used as an astringent. _Dose_--One to five grains.

GALLIC ACID (_Acidum Gallicum_). This remedy is used chiefly in
hemorrhages. _Dose_--Three to five