rops; of the active principle, Xanthoxylin, one to two grains.

ALCOHOL is a powerful stimulant. It is never used in its pure state in
medicine, but when diluted forms a useful remedy in many diseases. It is
generally employed in the form of whiskey, gin, rum, brandy, and wine.

AMMONIA is an excellent stimulant. _Dose_--Of the carbonate, from three
to five grains; of the sesquicarbonate, from five to ten grains; this is
the same as the carbonate, which has been exposed to the air and slacked
(powdered hartshorn); of the aromatic spirit, from one-half to one
teaspoonful. The Aqua Ammonia and Liquor Ammonia are of such variable
strength that they are seldom employed internally, but may be applied
externally and taken by inhalation.

DR. PIERCE'S COMPOUND EXTRACT OF SMART-WEED. This quickly diffusible
stimulant and genial anodyne we have spoken of under the head of
Anodynes. But its medicinal properties equally entitle it to a place and
mention under the class of stimulants. As a stimulant it spurs the
nervous system and arouses the circulatory forces. Congestion of the
lungs, liver, bowels, or uterus, embarrasses the functions of these
organs. Frequently this congestive difficulty may be entirely obviated,
and the circulation of the blood restored to the surface of the body, by
the administration of a few doses of this pleasant remedy. Thus it often
acts like magic in giving relief, promoting the circulation, and
restoring the organs to their accustomed functional activity. Full
directions accompany every bottle.

TONICS.

Tonics are remedies which moderately exalt the energies of all parts of
the body, without causing any deviation of healthy function. While
stimulants are transient in their influence, tonics are comparatively
permanent.

[Illustration: Fig. 139.
White Poplar. ]

WHITE POPLAR (_Liriodendron Tulipfera_), called also American Poplar, or
White Wood. The part used is the inner bark. This is a mild but valuable
tonic for domestic use. _Dose_--Of the infusion, from one-half to one
ounce; of tincture, from one to two teaspoonfuls.

CHAMOMILE (_Anthemis Nobilis_). The part used is the flowers. This is a
mild, unirritating tonic. _Dose_--Of infusion (one-fourth ounce of
flowers to a pint of water) one-half to one ounce.

GENTIAN (_Gentiana Lutead_). The root is the part used. This is a
favorite domestic tonic in many localities. _Dose_--Of powdered root,
five to ten grains; of the tincture, ten to