the
condition of a man who has not yet made up his mind _which_ of two
political parties he will join: such a man is said to be "=sitting on
the fence=." This phrase exactly describes the condition of the Red
Counter.

Let us also agree that a _Grey_ Counter, placed within a Cell, shall
mean "This Cell is _empty_" (i.e. "There is _nothing_ in it").

[The Reader had better provide himself with 4 Red Counters and 5
Grey ones.]

pg027

CHAPTER III.

_REPRESENTATION OF PROPOSITIONS._

Sec. 1.

_Introductory._

Henceforwards, in stating such Propositions as "Some x-Things exist" or
"No x-Things are y-Things", I shall omit the word "Things", which the
Reader can supply for himself, and shall write them as "Some x exist" or
"No x are y".

[Note that the word "Things" is here used with a special
meaning, as explained at p. 23.]

A Proposition, containing only _one_ of the Letters used as Symbols for
Attributes, is said to be '=Uniliteral='.

[For example, "Some x exist", "No y' exist", &c.]

A Proposition, containing _two_ Letters, is said to be ='Biliteral'=.

[For example, "Some xy' exist", "No x' are y", &c.]

A Proposition is said to be '=in terms of=' the Letters it contains,
whether with or without accents.

[Thus, "Some xy' exist", "No x' are y", &c., are said to be _in
terms of_ x and y.]

pg028
Sec. 2.

_Representation of Propositions of Existence._

Let us take, first, the Proposition "Some x exist".

[Note that this Proposition is (as explained at p. 12)
equivalent to "Some existing Things are x-Things."]

This tells us that there is at least _one_ Thing in the North Half; that
is, that the North Half is _occupied_. And this we can evidently
represent by placing a _Red_ Counter (here represented by a _dotted_
circle) on the partition which divides the North Half.

.-------.
| (.) |
|---|---|
| | |
.-------.

[In the "books" example, this Proposition would be "Some old
books exist".]

Similarly we may represent the three similar Propositions "Some x'
exist", "Some y exist", and "Some y' exist".

[The Reader should make out all these for himself. In the
"books" example, these Propositions would be "Some new books
exist", &c.]

Let us take, next, the Proposition "