le.

[10] Bk. XXX., ch. 30. Bohn ed., Vol. V., p. 454. See also Vol. III.,
p. 34; Bk. XI, ch. 34.

[11] There is likely the word _eye_ omitted here, it shining like a
cat's eye. Myer.

[12] Heliopolis. Myer.

[13] The Ibis which was sacred to Thoth. Myer.

[14] The Hieroglyphics of Horapollo Nilous, by Alexander Turner Cory.
London, 1840. See also, _Horapollinis Niloi Hieroglyphica edidit_,
etc., _Conradus Leemans, Amstelodami_, 1835.

[15] Ptah Tore, the deformed pigmy god of Memphis, has a scarabaeus on
his head, and sometimes, stands on the figure of a crocodile. Ibid.,
Cory's ed., p. 29.

[16] _Religions de l'Antiquite_, etc., _du Dr. Fred. Creuzer_, edition
of J.D. Guigniaut. Paris, 1825, Vol. I., part 2, Hindu plates XVII.,
Egyptian plates XLIX.

[17] For such pictures see, Thomas J. Pettigrew's Hist. of Egyptian
Mummies. London, 1834, Plate 8, Nos, 1, 2 and 3. Wilkinson's Manners
and Customs of the Ancient Egyptians, 2nd Series. London, 1841, Vol.
II., p. 256. _Scarabees Egyptiens, figures du Musee des Antiquea de sa
majeste l'empereur, Vienne_, 1824.

[18] _Religions de l'Antiquite_, etc., _du Dr. Fred. Creuzer,
refondu_, etc., par J.D. Guigniaut, Vol. I., part 2, Note 6, p. 821
_et seq._, p. 948 _et seq._, Nos. 187 and 187a of Plate XLVIII. and
pp. 80, 82. As to the Makrokosm see, The Qabbalah, etc., by Isaac
Myer. Philadelphia, 1888. Also; _Le Papyrus de Neb-Qed. (Exemplaire
hieroglyphique du livre des morts_) etc., by Theodule Deveria,
translation by Paul Pierret. Paris, 1872, p. 9.

II.

MANUFACTURE OF THE SCARABAEI. MATERIALS. INSCRIPTIONS ON.
DIFFERENT PERIODS OF MANUFACTURE AND THE PECULIARITIES OF. HOW
TO JUDGE OF THE EPOCH.

The representations of the insect are among the earliest sculpture of
stones known, and were cut in various materials, steatite a species of
soapstone being one of the earliest used. Some were perhaps first
moulded in clay, dried, and then cut into shape.

Many of those in use in Egypt were carved out of opaque or
semi-transparent stones, and those cut in hard stone were usually made
of some one of the following varieties: green basalt, diorite,
granite, haematite, lapis lazuli, jasper, serpentine, verde antique,
smalt, root of emerald, which is the same as plasma or prase[19]
cornelian, amethyst, sardonyx, agate and onyx. Those of soft material
were cut out of steatite, a soft limestone similar to chalk, but
usually they were of a white or gra