, dark hair, and dark skin because nature found it necessary to supply
an abundance of pigmentation in order to protect the delicate tissues of
the body from injury by the actinic rays of the sun. The same soft
luxuriance of their environment has made these people slow, easy-going,
hateful of change, introspective, philosophical and religious. On the
other hand, people whose ancestors dwelt for centuries in the cold, dark,
cloudy and foggy climate of Northwestern Europe have less need for
pigmentation and are, therefore, flaxen-haired, blue-eyed and
white-skinned.

The hardships and rigors of this Northern climate made these people
aggressive, active, restless, fond of variety, and, because of their
fierce struggle for existence, exceedingly practical, matter-of-fact, and
material.

WHY NOSES DIFFER IN SIZE AND SHAPE

Another example illustrates this truth clearly: The type of human nose
evolved in warm, humid climates is low and flat, with large, short
passageways directly to the lungs. People living in such a climate have
little need for great energy and activity, since there is food in
abundance all around them. On the other hand, the type of nose evolved in
a cold, dry climate is high in the bridge, with thin nostrils, so that the
air may be both warmed and moistened before reaching the lungs. People
living in such a climate have great need for activity, both in order to
secure the means of subsistence and in order to keep themselves warm. Thus
we find that the low, flat nose is everywhere the nose of indolence and
passivity, while the large nose, high in the bridge, is everywhere an
indication of energy and aggressiveness.

WHY SOME HEADS ARE HARD, OTHERS SOFT

In brief, then, darkness of color is not the cause of deliberation and
conservatism, but both darkness of color and conservatism are results of
the same causes, namely, a heredity and environment which produce these
characteristics. Blonde coloring is not a cause of restless activity, but
both the color and the activity are the result of evolution in a cold,
dark, rigorous climate.

A striking example of the working out of the three truths which we have
given is seen in the consistency of the body. Hard hands, hard muscles,
and, in general, a dense, compact, unyielding consistency of fiber, are
both inherited and acquired as the result of hard physical labor and the
enduring of hardships. As is well known, those who spend their lives in
grinding toil