is upon which humanity
was divided into races.

We have already briefly touched upon the cause for pigmentation and the
indications of differences in color. For many years anthropologists were
at a loss to understand exactly why some men were black and others white.
About twenty years ago, however, Von Schmaedel propounded the theory that
pigmentation in the hair, eyes and skin was Nature's way of protecting the
tissues from injury by the actinic or ultra-violet rays of the sun, which
destroy protoplasm. Following the enunciation of Von Schmaedel's theory,
prolonged experimentation was made by many anthropologists, chief among
whom was our own late Major Charles E. Woodruff, of the U.S. Army. In
Major Woodruff's book, "The Effects of Tropical Light Upon White Men," are
to be found, set forth in a most fascinating way, evidences amounting
almost to proof of the correctness of Von Schmaedel's theory.

Since Major Woodruff's book appeared, many other anthropologists have
declared their acceptance of the theory, so that to-day we may assert with
confidence that the black man is black because of the excessive sunlight
of his environment, and that the white man is white because he and his
ancestors did not need protection from the sun. Mountain climbers cover
their faces and hands with a mixture of grease and lamp-black in order to
prevent sunburn. When in India we wore actinic underwear, dark glasses,
and solar topees to protect us from the excessive light.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BLONDES AND BRUNETTES

Now, in regard to differences in character between the dark races and the
white races, you have only to consider the languorous air of the tropics
and sub-tropics, the abundance of food, the small need for fuel, clothing
and shelter--in general, everything in the environment which tends to make
man indolent and to give him plenty of time for introspection, philosophy,
theology, and the occult.

The dweller in Northern climes has had to wrestle with rapid changes,
demands for food, clothing, shelter and fuel, relative scarcity of all
these and difficulty of securing them--in short, nearly every possible
element in his surroundings which would compel him to get out and hustle,
to take an active interest in material things, to be constantly on the
alert both mentally and physically--in a word, to master and conquer his
environment.

These are some of the differences between the dark and the white races. We
find the same diffe