er women than men were appointed; the women were given the subordinate
positions and paid lower salaries. The women had energetically protested
against these conditions since the passing of the law of 1904; in 1908
they succeeded in having the magistrate of Christiania raise the initial
salary of women teachers in the elementary schools from 900 crowns ($241)
to 1100 crowns ($295), and the maximum salary from 1500 crowns ($402) to
1700 crowns ($455). In Christiania the women also demanded that women
teachers be given the position of head master; there were many women in
the profession,--2900 in the elementary schools, and 736 in the secondary
schools.

The women shop assistants' trade-union in an open meeting in Christiania
has demanded equal pay for equal work.

By a law passed in May, 1908, women employees in the postal service were
given the same pay as the men employees. As a result of this the women
telegraph operators, supported by the Norwegian Woman's Suffrage
Association, drew up a petition requesting the same concession as was made
the women postal employees, and presented the petition to the government
and the Storthing. This movement favoring an increase of wages was
strongly supported by the woman's suffrage movement.

The women taxpayers (including married women) have possessed active and
passive suffrage in municipal affairs since 1901. The property
qualification requires that a tax of 300 crowns ($80) must be paid in the
rural districts, and 400 crowns ($107) in cities. In 1902 women exercised
the suffrage in municipal affairs for the first time; in Christiania 6
women were elected to municipal offices.

The Norwegian League of Women's Clubs and the woman's suffrage
associations protested to the government and to the Parliament because
suffrage in the national elections had been withheld from the women. The
separation of Sweden and Norway (1906), which concerned the women greatly,
but in which they could exercise no voice, was a striking proof of woman's
powerlessness in civil affairs. Hence the Norwegian Woman's Suffrage
League instituted a woman's ballot, in which 19,000 votes were cast in
favor of separation, none being cast against it.

In 1907 six election bills favorable to woman's suffrage were presented to
the Storthing; and June 10, 1907, _women taxpayers were granted active and
passive suffrage in municipal elections_ (affecting about 300,000 women;
200,000 are still not enfranchised). This