to draw one of the idols_." Mr. Emilius Schlagintweit, in a
paper on the subject of this sect, has explained some of the names used by
the missionary. _Tamba-Shi-Rob_ is "_bs_tanpa _g_Shen-rabs," i.e. the
doctrine of Shen-rabs, who is regarded as the founder of the Bon religion.
[Cf. _Grenard_, II. 407.--H. C.] _Keun-tu-zon-bo_ is "Kun-tu-_b_zang-po,"
"_the All Best_."

[_Bon-po_ seems to be (according to Grenard, II. 410) a "coarse naturism
combined with ancestral worship" resembling Taoism. It has, however,
borrowed a good deal from Buddhism. "I noticed," says Mr. Rockhill
(_Journey_, 86), "a couple of grimy volumes of Boenbo sacred literature.
One of them I examined; it was a funeral service, and was in the usual
Boenbo jargon, three-fourths Buddhistic in its nomenclature." The Bon-po
Lamas are above all sorcerers and necromancers, and are very similar to
the _kam_ of the Northern Turks, the _bo_ of the Mongols, and lastly to
the _Shamans_. During their operations, they wear a tall pointed black
hat, surmounted by the feather of a peacock, or of a cock, and a human
skull. Their principal divinities are the White God of Heaven, the Black
Goddess of Earth, the Red Tiger and the Dragon; they worship an idol
called _Kye'-p'ang_ formed of a mere block of wood covered with garments.
Their sacred symbol is the _svastika_ turned from right to left [Symbol].
The most important of their monasteries is Zo-chen gum-pa, in the
north-east of Tibet, where they print most of their books. The Bonpos Lamas
"are very popular with the agricultural Tibetans, but not so much so with
the pastoral tribes, who nearly all belong to the Gelupa sect of the
orthodox Buddhist Church." A. K. says, "Buddhism is the religion of the
country; there are two sects, one named Mangba and the other Chiba or
Baimbu." _Explorations made by A----K----_, 34. _Mangba_ means "Esoteric,"
_Chiba_ (_p'yi-ba_), "Exoteric," and _Baimbu_ is Boenbo. _Rockhill,
Journey_, 289, _et passim.; Land of the Lamas_, 217-218; _Grenard, Mission
Scientifique_, II. 407 seqq.--H. C.]

There is an indication in Koeppen's references that the followers of the
_Bon_ doctrine are sometimes called in Tibet _Nag-choi_, or "Black Sect,"
as the old and the reformed Lamas are called respectively the "Red" and
the "Yellow." If so, it is reasonable to conclude that the first
appellation, like the two last, has a reference to the colour of clothing
affected by the priesthood.

The Rev. Mr. Ja