the other to the city wall. And from either
extremity of the palace where it touches the city wall, there runs
another wall, which fetches a compass and encloses a good 16 miles of
plain, and so that no one can enter this enclosure except by passing
through the palace."

[4] This narrative, translated from Chinese into Russian by Father
Palladius, and from the Russian into English by Mr. Eugene Schuyler,
Secretary of the U.S. Legation at St. Petersburg, was obligingly sent
to me by the latter gentleman, and appeared in the _Geographical
Magazine_ for January, 1875, p. 7.

[5] See Bk. II. chap. xiv. note 3.

[6] In the first edition I had supposed a derivation of the Persian words
_Jadu_ and _Jadugari_, used commonly in India for conjuring, from the
Tartar use of _Yadah_. And Pallas says the Kirghiz call their witches
_Jadugar_. (_Voy._ II. 298.) But I am assured by Sir H. Rawlinson that
this etymology is more than doubtful, and that at any rate the Persian
(_Jadu_) is probably older than the Turkish term. I see that M. Pavet
de Courteille derives _Yadah_ from a Mongol word signifying "change of
weather," etc.

[7] [See W. Foerster's ed., _Halle_, 1887, p. 15, 386.--H. C.]

[8] A young Afghan related in the presence of Arthur Conolly at Herat that
on a certain occasion when provisions ran short the Russian General
gave orders that 50,000 men should be killed and served out as
rations! (I. 346.)

[9] Ar. _Tafir_, a sordid, squalid fellow.

[10] [Cf. Paulin Paris's ed., 1848, II. p. 5.--H. C.]

[11] _Shen_, or coupled with _jin_ "people," _Shenjin_, in this sense
affords another possible origin of the word _Sensin_; but it may in
fact be at bottom, as regards the first syllable, the same with the
etymology we have preferred.

[12] I do not find this allusion in Mr. Beal's new version of Fahian. [See
Remusat's ed. p. 227; Klaproth says (Ibid. p. 230) that the _Tao-szu_
are called in Tibetan _Bonbo_ and Youngdhroungpa.--H. C.]

[13] Apparently they had at their command the whole encyclopaedia of
modern "Spiritualists." Duhalde mentions among their sorceries the art
of producing by their invocations the figures of Lao-tseu and their
divinities in the air, and of _making a pencil to write answers to
questions without anybody touching it_.

[14] It is possible that this may point to some report of the mystic