X, X, X

Spades Ace, Queen, X, X A two Spade bid; with one more
Hearts X, X, X Spade, it would be one Royal.
Diamonds Ace, X, X
Clubs X, X, X

Spades Ace, Knave, X A two Spade bid. With two more
Hearts X, X, X, Spades, it would be one Royal.
Diamonds King, Queen, X
Clubs X, X, X, X

Spades Ace, Knave, X, X Either two Spades or one Club
Hearts X, X could be bid, but the Club is
Diamonds X, X distinctly preferable.
Clubs Ace, Queen, Knave, X, X

Spades King, X, X, X A one Spade bid, as it has not
Hearts Ace, X, X two honors in Spades.
Diamonds Knave, X, X
Clubs Knave, X, X

Spades Queen, Knave, Ten, X, X, A three Spade bid; cannot be
X, X started as a Royal without Ace
Hearts Ace, Queen or King, and so strong, one Spade
Diamonds King, Knave, X might not be overbid.
Clubs King

Spades None A two or three Heart bid.
Hearts Ace, King, Knave, Ten, X, X
Diamonds Queen, Knave, Ten
Clubs Ace, X, X, X

Spades Ace, King A one Heart bid. So strong that
Hearts Ace, King, Knave, Ten, a higher call is unnecessary, as
X, X adverse bidding is desired.
Diamonds Queen, Knave, Ten
Clubs King, Queen

Spades Ace, King, Knave, Ten, A three Royals bid. Important to
X, X, X shut out adverse bidding.
Hearts None
Diamonds X, X
Clubs Ace, King, X, X

Spades X, X A two Diamonds bid.
Hearts King, X, X
Diamonds Ace, King, Queen, X, X,
X
Clubs X, X

Spades Ace, King, Knave, X, X Should either be bid one Club
Hearts X and subsequently Royals, or
Diamonds X, X started at two Royals to shut out
Clubs Ace, King, X, X, X other bidding.

Spades King, X While this hand has more than
Hearts Ace, King, Queen sufficient high-card strength to
Diamonds X, X, X, X justify an offensive bid, it is only
Clubs X, X, X, X a Spade. Two Spades would mislead
the partner as to length and
strength