ea, to the place in
which we find them at present, it is impossible that this should be done
without the fracture of those strata in certain places; and it is much
more difficult to conceive this operation not to be attended with
changing the natural horizontal position of strata, and thus leaving
them in many places inclined, than otherwise by supposing that this
internal power of the globe should elevate the strata without changing
their original position.

With this description of strata on the Rhine, we may compare that of M.
Monnet respecting those which he found upon the Meuse, (Nouveau Voyage
Mineralogique, etc. Journal Physique, Aoust, 1784.)

Speaking of the schistus, or slate, he adds: "Mais ces petites veines
nous donnent lieu de faire une observation importante; c'est qu'elles
se presentent assez communement perpendiculaire, tandis que les grands
bancs d'ardoises, ceux qu'on exploite, sont, comme nous l'avons dit,
couches sur une ligne de 15 a 20 degres. J'ai parle des montagnes de
marbre qui sont derriere Givet, et de celles sur la quelle est situe
Charlemont. J'ai fait voir que bien loin que les bancs de marbre, qui
forment la montagne du Givet, soient horizontaux comme on seroit
tente de le croire, d'apres les principes de quelques naturalistes
systematiques, qui pensent que tous les bancs de pierres calcaires ne
sauroient etre autrement; j'ai fait voir, dis-je, que ces bancs sont
presque perpendiculaire a l'horizon; et de plus, qu'ils sont tellement
colles les uns contre les autres, qu'a peine on peut les distinguer."

The changed structure and position of the strata, now exemplified from
the observations both of M. de Saussure and M. de Luc, observations made
in a great extent from France to Germany, show the effects without the
means by which those effects had been produced; and, in this case, it is
by judging from certain principles of natural philosophy that the cause
is discovered in the effect.

We are now to see the deplacement of at least a great body of earth in
another light, by having at the same time in our view both the cause and
the effect. Nothing can give a more proper example of this than the mine
of Rammelsberg; and no description better adapted to give a clear idea
than that of M. de Luc, which I shall now transcribe. Lettres Phisiques
et Morales, Tome 3. p. 361 to 364.

"Deux _filons_ principaux occupent les mineurs dans le _Rammelsberg_:
filons immenses, car ils ont jusqu'a 18 o