e not reached by the national network domestic:
cable and microwave radio relay international: linked by cable and
microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and by leased connections
to the Moscow international gateway switch; Dushanbe linked by Intelsat
to international gateway switch in Ankara (Turkey); satellite earth
stations - 1 Orbita and 2 Intelsat

Radio broadcast stations: AM 8, FM 7, shortwave 2 (2001)

Radios: 1.291 million (1991)

Television broadcast stations: 13 (2001)

Televisions: 820,000 (1997)

Internet country code: .tj

Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 5 (2001)

Internet users: 2,000 (2000)

Transportation Tajikistan

Railways: total: 482 km broad gauge: 482 km 1.520-m gauge note: includes
only lines in common carrier service; lines dedicated to particular
industries are excluded (2001)

Highways: total: 29,900 km paved: 21,400 km (includes some all-weather
gravel-surfaced roads) unpaved: 8,500 km (these roads are made of
unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1990)

Waterways: none

Pipelines: natural gas 400 km (1992)

Ports and harbors: none

Airports: 53 (2001)

Airports - with paved runways: total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m:
1 (2001)

Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 51 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to
2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 36 (2001)

Military Tajikistan

Military branches: Army, Air Force and Air Defense Force, Presidential
National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border troops)

Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age (2002 est.)

Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 1,646,278 (2002 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 1,349,505
(2002 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 72,056
(2002 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $35.4 million (FY01)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 3.9% (FY01)

Transnational Issues Tajikistan

Disputes - international: the undemarcated northern and western border
with Uzbekistan is mined in many sections; continues to maintain a
territorial dispute with Kyrgyzstan in Isfara Valley area; ongoing
talks with China have failed to resolve the longstanding dispute
over the indefinite boundary; Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,
and Uzbekistan wrestle with sharing limited water resources and the
regional environmental degradation caused by the shrink