na
plantations. Two leagues further on is the river Chillon, which, like
the Pasamayo, may generally be easily forded, but which swells
furiously during heavy falls of rain. At a short distance behind the
river, the road, called the Camino de Valles, joins that leading to
Cerro de Pasco. About a league from Lima there is a place called _Palo
seco_, which, like _Piedras gordas_, is a celebrated haunt of robbers.
The traveller has reason to congratulate himself if he passes these
two places without an attack.

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 41: The Indians resort to very artful methods of hiding their
money. They sometimes conceal it between the boards of the boxes in
which their eggs are packed, or stitch it into the stuffing of their
asses' saddles. They often submit to be killed rather than avow where
their money is concealed.]

[Footnote 42: The word Pacchacamac signifies _He who created the world
out of nothing_. It is compounded of _Paccha_, the earth, and _camac_,
the participle present of _caman_, to produce something from nothing.]

[Footnote 43: Literally--"But there, sir, I lost the stirrups." Meaning
that he did not understand it. The Spanish phrase, _Perder los
estribos_, signifies to get confused or embarrassed.]

[Footnote 44: _Chola_ is the common designation for an Indian female.
The masculine is _Cholo_.]

[Footnote 45: Nuevo dia del Peru. 1824.]

[Footnote 46: According to some ancient authors Paramanca was built by
King Chimu as a frontier fortress against the neighboring nations. There
is some foundation for this view of the subject, as Chimu Cancha had,
long before he was attacked by Capac Yupanqui, carried on war most
fiercely with Cuyz Mancu, King of Pacchacama, and Chuquiz Mancu, King of
Runahuanac (the present Lunahuana).]

[Footnote 47: _Para_ (rain) _Manca_ (pot).]

[Footnote 48: Guides, who conduct travellers across rivers, being well
acquainted with the fords. They are also called Vadeadores.]

CHAPTER IX.

The Coast southward of Lima--Chilca--Curious Cigar cases made
there--Yauyos--Pisco--Journey to Yca--A night on the Sand
Plains--Fatal Catastrophe in the year 1823--Vine Plantations at
Yca--Brandy and Wine--Don Domingo Elias--Vessels for transporting
Brandy (Botijas and odres)--Cruel mode of skinning Goats--Negro
Carnival--Peculiar species of Guinea Pig--The Salamanqueja--Cotton
Plantations--Quebrada of Huaitara--Sangallan--Guano--Retrospect of the
Peruvian Coast--Rivers--Medano