ed the names appearing in the lists of
Committees. This certifies actual or assumed attendance, more or
less, and at one time or another. (2) I have compared the result with
a list in _Parl. Hist._, III. 1547-8. It is much less complete
than my own, giving only ninety-one names; but it helped me once or
twice. (3) For the political antecedents of the members I have
referred to Mr. Carlyle's Revised List of the Long Parliament,
appended to Vol. II. of his _Cromwell_, and to the Lists of the
Barebones Parliament, Oliver's two Parliaments, and Richard's
Parliament in Vol. III. of the _Parl. Hist._--With all my care,
I may have left errors. Once or twice, where there are several
persons of the same surname, I was doubtful as to the Christian
name. The Journals often omit that.--I have seen, since writing the
above, a folio fly-leaf, published in London in March 1660, giving
what it calls "a perfect list of the Rumpers." It includes 121 names,
and nearly corresponds with mine, but not quite--containing one or
two names not given in mine (e.g. Sir Francis Russell), and omitting
one or two I give. Effectively, I believe my own list the more
authentic.]

From this list it will be seen, in the first place, that, if Ludlow
was correct in his estimate that there were 160 old Rumpers still
alive, a good many of them did not now reappear in that capacity at
Westminster. It will be seen, farther, that nearly two-thirds of
those who did re-appear were not original members of the Long
Parliament, but Recruiters. But this is not all. While about
one-third of the total number that re-appeared, including fifteen out
of the twenty-three Regicides on the list, had been in retirement
during the intervening governments from 1653 to 1659, about
two-thirds had not kept themselves so immaculate in that interval,
but had served in the Barebones Parliament or in the Parliaments of
the Protectorate. A good many of these, indeed--e.g. Birch, John
Goodwyn, Harvey, Hasilrig, Lister, Lucy, Mildmay, Scott, and Thorpe
had done so avowedly with Republican motives; but, on the other hand,
some--e.g. Colonel Philip Jones, Pickering, Prideaux, St. John,
Skippon, the two Stricklands, Sydenham, and Whitlocke--had merged
their Republicanism in Oliverianism, had been courtiers of Cromwell,
and had taken honours from him. The Restored Rump could be described
as unanimously a Republican body, therefore, only in the sense that
many in it had never swerved from pu