re Republican principles, and
that the rest were willing now to go back to such. Be it observed,
finally, that the number 122 represents the hypothetical strength of
the Restored House rather than its real strength. In the only
division in the House before the day of Richard's abdication the
Journals show but forty-four as present and voting; nor do the
records of divisions through the whole duration of the House ever
show more than seventy six as thus effectively present at any one
sitting. Only five or six times are as many as sixty noted as present
and voting. One infers that many of the members, after having begun
attending, ceased to do so, from indifference, or from dislike to
what was going on.[1]

[Footnote 1: Commons Journals of May 13, 1659, with the recorded
divisions in the Journals for the whole session.]

A very considerable proportion of the effective attendance in the
House must have been furnished by the presence in it of those members
who were members also of the Council of State. This body, appointed
by the House, May 13-16, to be an executive for the restored Rump
Government, consisted of twenty-one Parliamentary and ten
non-Parliamentary members. They were as follows, the asterisks again
denoting Regicides:--

Parliamentary Members
(In the order of the number of votes they obtained in the ballot).

*Sir Arthur Hasilrig, Bart.
Sir Henry Vane Colonel
*Lieut.-General Ludlow
Lieut.-General Fleetwood
Major Richard Salway
Colonel Herbert Morley
*Thomas Scott Colonel
Robert Wallop
Sir James Harrington
*Colonel Valentine Walton
*Colonel John Jones
Colonel William Sydenham
Algernon Sidney
Henry Neville
*Thomas Challoner
*Colonel John Downes
Lord Chief Justice St. John
George Thompson
Lord Commissioner Whitlocke
*Colonel John Dixwell
Robert Reynolds
Non-Parliamentary Members.

_Seven_ appointed without ballot.

Thomas, Lord Fairfax _O^1_, _R_
Major-General Lambert _O^1_, _O^2_, _R_
Colonel John Desborough _O^1_, _O^2_, _L_
Colonel James Berry _O^2_, _L_
*John Bradshaw _O^1_, _O^2[t]_, _R_
Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, Bart. _B_, _O^1_,
_O^2[t]_, _R_
Sir Horatio Townshend _R_

_Three_ chosen, by ballot.

Josiah Berners _O^1_
Sir Archibald Johnstone, of Warriston _L_
Sir Robert Honeywood _R_

Fairfax was put among the non-Parliamentary ten because, though he
had been a member of the Rump (a very late Recruite