landowners and capitalists, and
agree to annexation of foreign soil, to robberies and violence.
There the General Staff will make use not only of your credulity,
but also of the blind obedience of their soldiers. You go out to
fraternize with open hearts. And to meet you an officer of the
General Staff leaves the enemies' trenches, disguised as a common
soldier. You speak with the enemy without any trickery. At that
very time he photographs the surrounding territory. You stop the
shooting to fraternize, but behind the enemies' trenches artillery
is being moved, new positions built and troops transferred.

Comrades--soldiers, not by fraternization will you get peace, not
by separate agreements made at the front by single companies,
battalions, or regiments. Not in separate peace or in a separate
truce lies the salvation of the Russian Revolution, the triumph of
peace for the whole world.

The people who assure you that fraternizing is the road to peace
lead you to destruction. Do not believe them. The road to peace is
a different one. It has been pointed out to you already by the
Council of Workmen's and Soldiers' Deputies: tread it. Sweep aside
everything that weakens your fighting power, that brings into the
army disorganization and loss of spirit.

Your fighting power serves the cause of peace. The Council of
Workmen's and Soldiers' Deputies is able to continue its
revolutionary work with all its might, to develop its struggle for
peace, only by depending on you, knowing that you will not allow
the military destruction of Russia.

Comrades--soldiers, the workers and peasants, not only of Russia,
but of the whole world, look to you with confidence and hope.

Soldiers of the Revolution, you will prove worthy of this faith,
for you know that your military tasks serve the cause of peace.

In the name of the happiness and freedom of Revolutionary Russia,
in the name of the coming brotherhood of nations, you will fulfil
your military duties with unconquerable strength.

Again and again Tseretelli was interrupted with cheers as he read this
Appeal to the Army. He was cheered, too, when he explained that the Soviet
had decided to support the reconstructed Provisional Government and called
upon the soldiers to do likewise. There was a storm of applause when he
said: "We well realize the necess