andro
Botticelli_; Bernhard Berenson, _The Drawings of Florentine Painters;
The Florentine Painters of the Renaissance_ (2nd ed.); _The Study and
Criticism of Italian Art_; papers in the _Burlington Magazine_, the
_Gazette des Beaux-Arts_ (to this critic is due the first systematic
attempt to discriminate between the original work of Botticelli and
that of his various pupils); J. Mesnil, _Miscellanea d'Arte_ and
papers in the _Rivista d'Arte_, &c.; W. Warburg, _Sandro Botticelli's
"Geburt der Venus" and "Fruhling"_; Julia Cartwright (Mrs Ady), _The
Life and Art of Sandro Botticelli_ (1904); F. Wickhoff in the
_Jahrbuch der k. Preussischen Kunstsammlungen_ (1906); Herbert P.
Horne, _Alessandro Filipepi commonly called Sandro Botticelli_ (1908);
this last authority practically supersedes all others. (S. C.)

BOTTIGER, KARL AUGUST (1760-1835), German archaeologist, was born at
Reichenbach on the 8th of June 1760. He was educated at the school of
Pforta, and the university of Leipzig. After holding minor educational
posts, he obtained in 1791, through the influence of Herder, the
appointment of rector of the gymnasium at Weimar, where he entered into
a circle of literary men, including Wieland, Schiller, and Goethe. He
published in 1803 a learned work, _Sabina, oder Morgenszenen im
Putzzimmer einer reichen Romerin_, a description of a wealthy Roman
lady's toilette, and a work on ancient art, _Griechische Vasengemalde_.
At the same time he assisted in editing the _Journal des Luxus und der
Moden_, the _Deutsche Merkur_, and the _London and Paris_. In 1804 he
was called to Dresden as superintendent of the studies of the court
pages, and received the rank of privy councillor. In 1814 he was made
director of studies at the court academy, and inspector of the Museum of
Antiquities. He died at Dresden on the 17th of November 1835. His chief
works are:--_Ideen zur Archaologie der Malerei_, i. (1811) (no more
published); _Kunstmythologie_ (1811); _Vorlesungen und Aufsatze zur
Alterthumskunde_ (1817); _Amalthea_ (1821-1825); _Ideen zur
Kunstmythologie_ (1826-1836). The _Opuscula et Carmina Latina_ were
published separately in 1837; with a collection of his smaller pieces,
_Kleine Schriften_ (1837-1838), including a complete list of his works
(56 pages). His biography was written by his son Karl Wilhelm Bottiger
(1790-1862), for some time professor of history at Erlangen, and author
of several valuab