may pass, and the next player bids.
Succeeding players may "overcall," _i.e_. overbid, previous bidders.
Players passing may thereafter bid only "_miseres_." If a player bids
seven but makes ten he is paid for the three extra tricks, but on a
lower scale than if he had bid ten. If no bid should be made, a
"_misere partout_" (general poverty) is often played, the trump being
turned down and each player striving to take as few tricks as
possible. Payments are made by each loser according to the value of
the winner's bid and the overtricks he has scored. There are regular
tables of payments. In America overtricks are not usually paid for. In
French Boston the knave of diamonds arbitrarily wins over all other
cards, even trumps. The names of the different bids remind one of the
period of the American Revolution, including "Independence,"
"Philadelphia," "Souveraine," "Concordia," &c. Other variations of the
game are _Boston de Fontainebleau_ and Russian Boston.
BOSTONITE, in petrology, a fine-grained, pale-coloured, grey or pinkish
rock, which consists essentially of alkali-felspar (orthoclase,
microperthite, &c.). Some of them contain a small amount of interstitial
quartz (quartz bostonites); others have a small percentage of lime,
which occasions the presence of a plagioclase felspar (maenite,
gauteite, lime-bostonite). Other minerals, except apatite, zircon and
magnetite, are typically absent. They have very much the same
composition as the trachytes; and many rocks of this series have been
grouped with these or with the orthophyres. Typically they occur as
dikes or as thin sills, often in association with nepheline-syenite; and
they seem to bear a complementary relationship to certain types of
lamprophyre, such as camptonite and monchiquite. Though nowhere very
common they have a wide distribution, being known from Scotland, Wales,
Massachusetts, Montreal, Portugal, Bohemia, &c. The lindoites and
quartz-lindoites of Norway are closely allied to the bostonites.
BOSTROM, CHRISTOFFER JACOB (1797-1866), Swedish philosopher, was born at
Pitea and studied at Upsala, where from 1840 to 1863 he was professor of
practical philosophy. His philosophy, as he himself described it, is a
thoroughgoing rational idealism founded on the principle that the only
true reality is spiritual. God is Infinite Spirit in whom all existence
is contained, and is outside the limitations of time and space. Th
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