nce of the church came that of the court; but in a way
it was much the same, for the clergy had great influence at court, and,
although painting was used to serve the luxury of sovereigns and nobles,
it was also true that these high personages often employed artists to
decorate chapels and to paint altar-pieces for churches at their expense,
for during the Romanesque period there was some painting on panels. At
first these panel-pictures were placed on the front of the altar where
draperies had formerly been used: later they were raised above the altar,
and also put in various parts of the church. The painting of the
Romanesque period was merely a decline, and there can be little more said
of it than is told by that one word.

[Illustration: FIG. 21.--KING DAVID. _From a window in Augsburg
Cathedral._]

Glass-painting dates from this time. The very earliest specimens of which
we know are from the eleventh century. Before that time there had been
transparent mosaics made by putting together bits of colored glass, and
arranging them in simple, set and ornamental patterns. Such mosaics date
from the earliest days of Christianity, and were in use as soon as glass
was used for windows. From ancient writings we know that some windows were
made with pictures upon them as long ago as A.D. 989; but nothing now
remains from that remote date.

There is a doubt as to whether glass-painting originated in France or
Germany. Some French authors ascribe its invention to Germany, while some
German writers accord the same honor to France. Remains of glass-painting
of the eleventh century have been found in both these countries; but it is
probable that five windows in the Cathedral of Augsburg date from 1065,
and are a little older than any others of which we know. This picture of
David is from one of them, and is probably as old as any painted window in
existence.

[Illustration: FIG. 22.--WINDOW. _From the Cathedral of St. Denis._]

The oldest glass-painting in France is probably a single fragment in the
Cathedral of Le Mans. This cathedral was completed in 1093, but was badly
burned in 1136, so that but a single piece of its windows remains; this
has been inserted in a new window in the choir, and is thus preserved.
With the beginning of the twelfth century, glass-painting became more
frequent in Europe, and near the end of this century it was introduced
into England, together with the Gothic style of architecture. Very soon a
hig