act that solutions of sodium carbonate and potassium
carbonate are alkaline.

6. What non-metallic element is obtained from the deposits of Chili
saltpeter?

7. Supposing concentrated hydrochloric acid (den. = 1.2) to be worth six
cents a pound, what is the value of the acid generated in the
preparation of 1 ton of sodium carbonate by the Le Blanc process?

8. What weight of sodium carbonate crystals will 1 kg. of the anhydrous
salt yield?

9. Write equations for the preparation of potassium hydroxide by three
different methods.

10. What would take place if a bit of potassium hydroxide were left
exposed to the air?

11. Write the equations for the reactions between sodium hydroxide and
bromine; between potassium hydroxide and iodine.

12. Write equations for the preparation of potassium sulphate; of
potassium acid carbonate.

13. What weight of carnallite would be necessary in the preparation of 1
ton of potassium carbonate?

14. Write the equations showing how ammonium chloride, ammonium
sulphate, ammonium carbonate, and ammonium nitrate may be prepared from
ammonium hydroxide.

15. Write an equation to represent the reaction involved in the
preparation of ammonia from ammonium chloride.

16. What substances already studied are prepared from the following
compounds? ammonium chloride; ammonium nitrate; ammonium nitrite; sodium
nitrate; sodium chloride.

17. How could you prove that the water in crystals of common salt is not
water of crystallization?

18. How could you distinguish between potassium chloride and potassium
iodide? between sodium chloride and ammonium chloride? between sodium
nitrate and potassium nitrate?

[Illustration: ROBERT WILHELM BUNSEN (German) (1811-1899)

Invented many lecture-room and laboratory appliances (Bunsen burner);
invented the spectroscope and with it discovered rubidium and caesium;
greatly perfected methods of electrolysis, inventing a new battery; made
many investigations among metallic and organic substances]

CHAPTER XXIV

THE ALKALINE-EARTH FAMILY

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| | | | |
| | | | MILLIGRAMS SOL- |
| | | | UBLE IN 1 L. |
| | | | OF WATER AT 18 deg. |
| SYMBOL | ATOMIC | DENSITY |__________________| CARBONATE
|