sunt relicti in Italia. Hae copiae quas videtis in
[14]citeriore Gallia nuper conscriptae sunt." Haec[15] cum dixisset,
iuravit se nisi victorem in castra non reversurum esse. [16]Hoc idem
Pompeius et omnes reliqui iuraverunt, et magna spe et laetitia, sicut
certam ad victoriam, copiae e castris exierunt.

Item Caesar, animo[17] ad dimicandum paratus, exercitum suum eduxit et
septem cohortibus [18]praesidio castris relictis copias triplici acie
instruxit. Tum, militibus studio pugnae ardentibus, tuba signum dedit.
Milites procurrerunt et pilis missis gladios strinxerunt. Neque vero
virtus hostibus defuit. Nam et tela missa sustinuerunt et impetum
gladiorum exceperunt et ordines conservaverunt. Utrimque diu et acriter
pugnatum est nec quisquam pedem rettulit. Tum equites Pompei aciem
Caesaris circumire conati sunt. Quod[19] ubi Caesar animadvertit,
tertiam aciem,[20] quae ad id tempus quieta fuerat, procurrere iussit.
Tum vero integrorum impetum[21] defessi hostes sustinere non potuerunt
et omnes terga verterunt. Sed Pompeius de fortunis suis desperans se in
castra equo contulit, inde mox cum paucis equitibus effugit.

[Footnote 1: With /ne: ... quidem\ the emphatic word stands between
the two.]

[Footnote 2: The Civil War was caused by the jealousy and rivalry
between Caesar and Pompey. It resulted in the defeat and subsequent
death of Pompey and the elevation of Caesar to the lordship of the
Roman world.]

[Footnote 3: /hostem\, predicate accusative, Sec. 501.22.]

[Footnote 4: The Rubicon was a small stream in northern Italy that
marked the boundary of Caesar's province. By crossing it with an
armed force Caesar declared war upon Pompey and the existing
government. Caesar crossed the Rubicon early in the year 49 B.C.]

[Footnote 5: /rebus Caesaris favebant\, _favored Caesar's side_. In
what case is /rebus\?]

[Footnote 6: /Brundisium\, a famous port in southern Italy whence
ships sailed for Greece and the East. See map.]

[Footnote 7: /paucis post diebus\, _a few days later_; literally,
_afterguards by a few days_. Cf. /paucis ante annis\, p. 213, l. 12,
and note.]

[Footnote 8: The battle of Pharsalia was fought on August 9, 48 B.C.
In importance it ranks as one of the great battles of the world.]

[Footnote 9: /Quos\, obj. of /adlocutus est\.]

[Footnote 10: /ante proelium commissum\, _before the beginning of
th