le of Gomorrah. Isa. 1:10.
In the following example we have a _compound_ synonymous couplet:
Give them according to their deeds,
According to the wickedness of their endeavors:
Give them after the work of their hands,
Render to them their desert. Psa. 28:4
Sometimes three or more parallel clauses occur, thus:
When your fear cometh as desolation,
And your destruction cometh as a whirlwind;
When distress and anguish cometh upon you. Prov. 1:27.
Who forgiveth all thine iniquities;
Who healeth all thy diseases;
Who redeemeth thy life from destruction;
Who crowneth thee with loving-kindness and tender mercies;
Who satisfieth thy mouth with good things;
Thy youth is renewed like the eagle's. Psa. 103:3-5.
In the preceding example, synonymous parallelism passes into _simple
enumeration_. So often with a succession of short clauses, or shorter
and longer clauses, where the poetry of the Hebrews assumes the freedom
of prose, thus:
Who hath woe?
Who hath sorrow?
Who hath contentions?
Who hath babbling?
Who hath wounds without cause?
Who hath redness of eyes? Prov. 23:39.
A sinful nation;
A people laden with iniquity;
A seed of evil-doers;
Corrupt children:
They have forsaken the Lord;
They have despised the Holy One of Israel;
They have gone away backward. Isa. 1:4.
The parallel clauses are frequently introduced or followed by a single
clause, thus:
Blessed is the man
Who walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly;
And standeth not in the way of sinners;
And sitteth not in the seat of scorners. Psa. 1:1.
Hear, O heavens;
Give ear, O earth;
For the Lord hath spoken. Isa. 1:2.
The _third_ form of parallelism is called _synthetic_ (Greek
_synthesis_, _a putting together_), where one clause is necessary to
complete the sense of the other, as in the following examples:
Better is a dinner of herbs where love is,
Than a stalled ox and hatred therewith. Prov. 15:16.
Every way of a man is right in his own eyes;
But the Lord pondereth the hearts. Prov. 21:2.
Whoso curseth his father and his mother,
His lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness. Prov. 20:20.
The connection between the two clauses may be that of comparison, cause,
effect, etc. Sometimes it is not expressed, but simply implied, as in
the following:
A whip for the horse,
A bridle for the ass,
And a rod for the fool's back. Prov. 26:3.
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