short
beak; chalaza oval or roundish, distinct; raphe narrow, slightly
distinct to indistinct. Leafing, flowering and ripening fruit very
late.

Berlandieri is a native of the limestone hills of southwest Texas and
adjacent Mexico. It grows in the same region with _V. monticola_, but
is less restricted locally, growing from the tops of the hills down
and along the creek bottoms of these regions. Its great virtue is that
it withstands a soil largely composed of lime, being superior to all
other American species in this respect. This and its moderate degree
of vigor have recommended it to the French growers as a stock for
their calcareous soils. The roots are strong, thick, and very
resistant to phylloxera. It is propagated by cuttings with comparative
ease, but its varieties are variable, some not rooting at all easily.
While the fruit of this species shows a large cluster, the berries are
small and sour, and Berlandieri is not regarded as having promise for
culture in America.

7. _Vitis aestivalis_, Michx. Blue Grape. Bunch Grape. Summer Grape.
Little Grape. Duck-shot Grape. Swamp Grape. Chicken Grape. Pigeon
Grape.

Vine very vigorous, shoots pubescent or smooth when young;
diaphragms thick; tendrils intermittent, usually bifid. Leaves
with short, broad stipules; leaf-blade large, thin when young but
becoming thick; petiolar sinus deep, usually narrow, frequently
overlapping; margin rarely entire, usually three- to five-lobed;
teeth dentate, shallow, wide; upper surface dark green; lower
surface with more or less reddish or rusty pubescence which, in
mature leaves, usually shows in patches on the ribs and veins;
petioles frequently pubescent. Clusters long, not much branched,
with long peduncle. Berries small, with moderate amount of bloom,
usually astringent. Seeds two to three, of medium size, plump,
smooth, not notched; chalaza oval, distinct; raphe a distinct
cord-like ridge. Leafing and ripening fruit late to very late.

The division of the original species has reduced the habitat
materially, confining it to the southeastern part of the United States
from southern New York to Florida and westward to the Mississippi
River. AEstivalis grows in thickets and openings in the woods and shows
no such fondness for streams as Vulpina, or for thick timber as
Labrusca, but is generally confined to uplands. Under favorable
circumstances, the vines grow to