ate; stamens reflexed.

Fruit early, keeps well. Clusters do not always set perfectly and
are variable in size, frequently single-shouldered; pedicel short,
slender, smooth; brush short, yellow. Berries large, round,
yellowish-green changing to golden yellow, covered with thin
bloom; flesh tender, foxy, sweet, mild, high flavored; good to
very good in quality. Seeds intermediate in size and length,
blunt, yellowish-brown.

ELVIRA

(Vulpina, Labrusca)

Although it has never attained popularity in the North, Elvira (Plate
XVI), after its introduction into Missouri about forty years ago,
reached the pinnacle of popularity as a wine-grape in the South. The
qualities which commended it were: great productiveness; earliness,
ripening in the North with Concord; exceedingly good health, being
almost free from fungal diseases; great vigor, as shown by a strong,
stocky growth and ample foliage; and almost perfect hardiness even as
far north as Canada. Its good qualities are offset by two defects:
thin skin which bursts easily, thus wholly debarring it from distant
markets; and flavor and appearance not sufficiently good to make it a
table-grape. Elvira originated with Jacob Rommel, Morrison, Missouri,
from seed of Taylor.

Vine vigorous, hardy, healthy, productive. Canes numerous, dark
brown; nodes flattened; internodes short; tendrils continuous,
trifid or bifid. Leaves large, thin; upper surface light green,
pubescent, hairy; lobes wanting or one to three with terminus
acute; petiolar sinus deep, narrow, sometimes closed and
overlapping; basal sinus usually lacking; lateral sinus shallow,
often notched; teeth deep, wide. Flowers self-fertile, open early;
stamens upright.

Fruit mid-season, does not keep well. Clusters short, cylindrical,
usually single-shouldered, compact; pedicel smooth; brush short,
greenish-yellow with brown tinge. Berries medium in size, round,
green with yellow tinge, dull with thin bloom, firm; skin very
thin, tender, adherent, astringent; flesh green, juicy,
fine-grained, tender, foxy, sweet; fair in quality. Seeds free,
one to four, medium to large, blunt, plump, dark brown.

EMPEROR

(Vinifera)

Emperor is one of the standard shipping grapes of the Pacific slope,
being one of the mainstays of the interior valleys. On the coast and
in southern California, it is irregular in bearing, and on the coast