light green, glossy, glabrous; glabrous or sparingly
pubescent below. Clusters medium to large, loose, with long
peduncle. Berries numerous and small, black, shining, little or no
bloom. Seeds medium in size, broad, beak short; chalaza oval or
roundish, elevated, very distinct; raphe a distinct, cord-like
ridge. Fruit sour and astringent and frequently consisting of
little besides skins and seeds. Leafing, flowering and ripening
fruit very late.

Owing to the fact that Cordifolia and Vulpina have been badly
confused, the limits of the habitat of this species are difficult to
determine. The best authorities give the northern limit as New York or
the Great Lakes. The eastern limit is the Atlantic Ocean and the
southern limit, the Gulf of Mexico. It extends westward, according to
Engelmann, to the western limits of the wooded portion of the
Mississippi Valley in the North, and, according to Munson, to the
Brazos River, Texas, in the South. It is found along creeks and river
banks sometimes mixed with Vulpina, having about the same soil
adaptations as that species. It is a very common species in the middle
states and frequently grows on limestone soils, but is not indigenous
to such soils.

Cordifolia makes a good stock for grafting, being vigorous and forming
a good union with most of our cultivated grapes. It is seldom used
for this purpose, however, on account of the difficulty of propagating
it by means of cuttings. For the same reason vines of it are seldom
found in cultivation.

6. _Vitis Berlandieri_, Planch. Mountain-Grape. Spanish Grape. Fall
Grape. Winter Grape. Little Mountain Grape.

Vine vigorous, climbing; shoots more or less angled and pubescent;
pubescence remaining only in patches on mature wood; canes mostly
with short internodes; diaphragms thick; tendrils intermittent,
long, strong, bifid or trifid. Leaves with small stipules;
leaf-blade large, broadly cordate, notched or shortly three-lobed;
petiolar sinus rather open, V- or U-shaped, margin with broad but
rather shallow teeth, rather dark glossy green above, grayish
pubescence below when young; becoming glabrous and even glossy
except on ribs and veins, when mature. Clusters large, compact,
compound, with long peduncle. Berries small, black, with thin
bloom, juicy, rather tart but pleasant tasting when thoroughly
ripe. Seeds few, small, short, plump, oval or roundish, with