ss Negro farmers. A number of the youths have
expressed their conviction that since their fathers and mothers have
accumulated nothing after years of labor on the land, they do not
intend to stay on the plantation to repeat the process. For provisions
of statutes: See Commissioner of Labor, _op. cit._, pp. 133-34, secs.
6845-46; 147, sec. 5030; 284, chaps. 703-704, secs. 1146-1148.

[15] _Economic Analysis of American Prejudice_, by Dr. Wm. L. Bulkley,
in _The Colored American Magazine_, July, 1909, pp. 17, 19. 20-21.

[16] _Cf. Darkest America_, by Kelly Miller in _New England Magazine_,
April, 1904.

[17] _Vide_ Hoffman, _The General Death Rate of Large American
Cities_, 1871-1904, in _Quarterly Publications of the American
Statistical Association_, new series, vol. x, no. 73, March, 1906. Mr.
Hoffman says: "While the general death-rate is of very limited value
for the purpose of comparison in the case of different localities, it
is, I am satisfied, after a very careful investigation and much
experience, of quite considerable value in making local comparison of
the present health conditions with the past."

[18] _Op. cit._, pp. 5-8. The cities are Baltimore, 1871-1904; New
Orleans, 1871-1904; District of Columbia, 1876-1904; Louisville, Ky.,
1890-1904; Memphis, Tenn., 1876-1904.

[19] _Op. cit._, pp. 7-8. (Italics are mine.)

[20] In the _Biennial Report of the Board of Health of New Orleans,
La., 1906-1907_, this diagram of Mr. Hoffman is reproduced with the
following comment: (p. 113) "The colored mortality has not only been
excessive, but has borne no relation whatever to the white mortality
curve, being on the ascending scale at times when the white mortality
was clearly on the decrease." A comparison with Mr. Hoffman's words
about the two death-rates quoted above and a glance at the curves
supply sufficient commentary upon this biased view.

[21] _Mortality Among Negroes in Cities_, Atlanta University Pubs.,
no. 1, (Atlanta, Ga., 1896), p. 51; _vide_ pp. 21-25; and 2nd ed.,
1903, pp. 11-15.

[22] _Annual Reports of the Health Department of the City of Richmond,
Va._, 1906, p. 22; 1907, p. 34; 1908, pp. 39-40.

[23] _Cf._ Ray Stannard Baker, in _American Magazine_, Feb. and March,
1908, and _Following the Color Line_, (New York, 1909), pp. 54-55.

[24] For a large body of facts and opinions on this point see _Atlanta
University Pubs., no. 8_, pp. 64-79; 108-110; 154-190. Personal
observation during res