on is the composition of this toiling Negro population.
The general condition of the wage-earning element of this group will
now, therefore, engage our attention.

FOOTNOTES:

[37] _New York Colonial Doc._, i, 553.

[38] O'Callaghan, _Laws and Ordinances of New Netherlands, 1637-1674_,
p. 81.

[39] DuBois, _Some Notes on Negroes of New York City_, p. 5.

[40] The writer has testimony of contemporary witnesses of these
disturbances.

[41] _Vide_ DuBois, _Notes_, _etc._, p. 1.

[42] Diagrams III and IV were made by Mr. Eugene K. Jones, Field
Secretary of the National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes.

CHAPTER III

GENERAL CONDITION OF WAGE-EARNERS[43]

I. SEX AND AGE OF NEGRO WAGE-EARNERS

In the 2,500 families composed of 9,788 individuals, the sex
distribution and age grouping[44] throw some light upon the life
conditions of the wage-earning class. That city life does not look
with favor upon a large juvenile element in the population is
generally believed. That the city draws mainly those of the working
period of life is also generally conceded. The number of children in
this Negro group under 15 years of age is 19 per cent, below normal
for great cities, and the upper age limit is also quite low, being
only 6.6 per cent between forty-five and fifty-four years, and 3.2 per
cent over fifty-five years. Thus the bulk of the population, 70.8 per
cent, both male and female, excluding 0.4 per cent doubtful and
unknown, falls between fifteen and fifty-four years, or within the
vigorous working period of life. This is fully set forth in Table XI,
which gives the sex distribution and age grouping in assembly
districts of the 9,788 individuals in these 2,500 families of the
Census of 1905:

TABLE XI. SEX DISTRIBUTION AND AGE GROUPING OF 9,788 NEGRO
WAGE-EARNERS IN MANHATTAN, STATE CENSUS, 1905.

---------------------+--------------+--------------+----------------
| Male. | Female. | Total.
Age group. +------+-------+------+-------+------+---------
| | Per | | Per | | Per
| No. | cent | No. | cent | No. | cent
---------------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+---------
Less than 15 years | 949 | 19.6 | 910 | 18.4 | 1859 | 19.0
15-24 | 988 | 20.4 | 1155 | 23.4 | 2143 | 21.9
25-34 | 1543 | 31.8 | 1546 | 31.2 | 3089 | 31.6
35-44