in the average number of wage-earners, five cities increased over 100
per cent and the remaining five cities showed an increase of 76.3 per
cent, 57 per cent, 39.8 per cent, 18.8 per cent, and 7.5 per cent
respectively. Chattanooga, Tenn., and Birmingham, Ala., from 1890 to
1900 increased 5.2 per cent and 105.6 per cent respectively. Omitting
these, the other fourteen cities taken together increased in the
number of wage-earners during the twenty years from 1880 to 1900, 60.9
per cent. Table III, which follows, brings into full view this large
and constant increase in the average number of wage-earners in
manufacturing establishments, exclusive of proprietors, salaried
officers, clerks, _etc._

TABLE II. TOTAL VALUE OF PRODUCTS, INCLUDING CUSTOM WORK AND
REPAIRING, OF MANUFACTURES IN SIXTEEN SOUTHERN CITIES, 1880-1905.[A]

--------------+----------------------------------------------------------
| Total value of products.
+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+-----------
Cities. | | | | Per cent |
| 1880. | 1890. | 1900. | increase | 1905[B]
| | | |1880-1900.|
--------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------+-----------
| $ | $ | $ | | $
| | | | |
Wilmington | 13,205,370| 24,568,125| 34,053,324| 157.9 | 30,390,039
Baltimore | 78,417,304|141,723,599|161,249,240| 105.6 |151,546,580
Washington[C] | 11,882,316| 39,331,437| 47,667,622| 301.2 | 18,359,159
Norfolk | 1,455,987| 5,100,408| 9,397,355| 545.4 | 5,900,129
Richmond | 20,790,106| 27,792,672| 28,900,616| 39.0 | 28,202,607
Charleston | 2,732,590| 9,005,421| 9,562,387| 249.9 | 6,007,094
Atlanta | 4,861,727| 13,074,037| 16,707,027| 243.6 | 25,745,650
Augusta | 3,139,029| 9,244,850| 10,041,900| 219.9 | 8,829,305
Savannah | 3,396,297| 6,319,066| 6,461,816| 90.3 | 6,340,004
Louisville | 35,423,203| 54,515,226| 78,746,390| 122.3 | 83,204,125
Chattanooga | | 10,216,109| 12,033,780| 17.8[D] | 15,193,909
Memphis | 4,413,422| 13,244,538| 17,923,058| 306.1 | 21,348,817
Nashville | 8,597,278| 14,590,823| 18,469,823| 114.8 | 23,109,601
Birmingham | | 7,034,248| 12,581,066| 7