es, and was so flooded by recent rains as to be impassable,
marched out of his intrenchments at Beech Grove at midnight of the
18th, and about 7 A.M. of the 19th fell upon Thomas at Logan's
Cross-Roads with eight regiments of infantry and six pieces of
artillery. The battle lasted about three hours, when the Confederate
troops gave way and beat a disorderly retreat to their intrenched
camp, closely pursued. They were driven behind their fortifications
and cannonaded by the Union batteries until dark. General Thomas
prepared to assault the works the following morning. With the aid
of a small river steamboat Crittenden succeeded during the night
in passing his troops across the Cumberland, abandoning twelve
pieces of artillery, with their caissons and ammunition, a large
number of small arms and ammunition, about 160 wagons, 1000 horses
and mules, also commissary stores.

Brigadier-General F. K. Zollicoffer, of Tennessee, who commanded
a Confederate brigade, was killed at a critical time in the battle.
The number actually engaged on each side was about 5000. The Union
loss was 1 officer and 38 men killed, and 13 officers and 194 men
wounded, total 246.(13) The Confederate killed was 125, wounded
309, total 434. This victory was of much importance, as it was
the first of any significance in the Department of the Ohio. It
was the subject of a congratulatory order by the President.(13)

Notwithstanding this victory, President Lincoln, long impatient of
the delays of the Union Army to advance and gain some decided
success, issued his first (and last, looking to its character, only
(14)) "_General War Order_" in these words:

"_President's General War Order No. 1._
"Executive Mansion, Washington
"January 27, 1862.
"_Ordered_, That the 22d of February, 1862, be the day for a general
movement of the land and naval forces of the United States against
the insurgent forces. That especially the army in and about Fortress
Monroe, the Army of the Potomac, the Army of Western Virginia, and
army near Munfordville, Ky., the army and flotilla at Cairo, and
a naval force in the Gulf of Mexico, be ready to move on that day.

"That all other forces, both land and naval, with their respective
commanders, obey existing orders for the time, and be ready to obey
additional orders when duly given.

"That the heads of departments, and especially the Secretaries of
War and of the Navy, with all their subordinates, and the Gene