thick of the fight, where his sword and
scabbard had been shot away. Not until 1 or 1.30 P.M.( 9) did
the head of Nelson's column move, Ammen's brigade leading, for
Pittsburg Landing, and then by a swampy river road over which
artillery could not be hauled. The artillery went later by boat.
At 5 or 6 P.M. the advance,--eight companies of the 36th Indiana
(Col. W. Grose)--reached a point on the river opposite the Landing.
These companies were speedily taken across the Tennessee in steamboats
and marched immediately, less than a quarter of a mile to the left
of the already massed artillery, to the support of Grant's army,
then engaged in its struggle to repel the last assault of the
Confederates for the day. Other regiments (6th Ohio, Colonel N.
L. Anderson, 24th Ohio, Colonel F. C. Jones) of Ammen's brigade
followed closely, but only the 36th Indiana participated in the
engagement then about spent. This regiment lost one man killed.(10)
The expected arrival of the Army of the Ohio and the presence of
such of it as arrived may have had a good moral effect, but its
late coming gives to it little room to claim any credit for the
result of the first day's battle.

As always, those who only see the rear of an army during a battle
gain from the sight and statements of the demoralized stragglers
exaggerated notions of the condition and situation of those engaged.
That Grant's army was in danger, and in sore need of reinforcements,
cannot be doubted. That the Confederate Army had been fearfully
punished in the first day's fighting is certain. Beauregard reports
that he could not, on Monday, bring 20,000 men into action (11)--
less than half the number Johnston had when the battle began. The
arrival of Nelson's and Lew Wallace's divisions six hours earlier
would have given a different aspect, probably, to the fist day's
battle. The Army of the Ohio was then composed, generally, of
better equipped, better disciplined and older troops, though unused
to battle, than the majority of those of the Army of the Tennessee.

Though night had come, dark and rainy, when the four divisions of
Buell's army reached the west bank of the Tennessee, and Lew
Wallace's division arrived on the right, Grant directed the ground
in front to be examined and the whole army to be put in readiness
to assume the offensive at daybreak next morning. Wallace was
pushed forward on the extreme right above the mouth of Owl Creek,
and Sherman, McClernan