p. 112.

( 4) _War Records_, vol. x., Part I., pp. 392-7.

( 5) _War Records_, atlas, Plate XII.

( 6) _Ibid_., vol. x., Part I., p. 112.

( 7) _Battles and Leaders_, vol. i., p. 466.

( 8) For maps showing positions of troops of each army both days
see _Battles and Leaders_, vol. i., pp. 470, 508.

( 9) General Ammen's diary, Nelson's and Ammen's reports, _War
Records_, vol. x., Part I., pp. 323, 328, 332.

(10) Ammen, _Ibid_., vol. x., Part I., pp. 334,337.

(11) _War Records_, vol. x., Part I., p. 391 (398).

(12) McCook did not arrive until early on the 7th. _War Records_,
vol. x., Part I., p. 293.

(13) Official map, _Battles and Leaders_, vol. i., p. 598.

(14) Grant's _Memoirs_, vol. i., p. 351.

(15) _War Records_, vol. x., Part II., pp. 384-5, 424, 482 (407-8).

(16) _War Records_, vol. x., Part I., pp. 111, 105, 108, 391.

(17) _Battles and Leaders_, vol. i., p. 485.

(18) _Battles and Leaders_, vol. i., p. 460.

(19) _Battles and Leaders_, vol. i., pp. 446, etc.

CHAPTER VII
Mitchel's Campaign to Northern Alabama--Andrews' Raid into Georgia,
and Capture of a Locomotive--Affair at Bridgeport--Sacking of
Athens, Alabama, and Court-Martial of Colonel Turchin--Burning of
Paint Rock by Colonel Beatty--Other Incidents and Personal Mention
--Mitchel Relieved

General Mitchel's division (to which I belonged) of the Army of
the Ohio we left at Nashville, ready to move on an independent
line. When the other divisions had started for Savannah, Mitchel,
March 18, 1862, resumed his march southward, encamping the first
night at Lavergne, fifteen miles from Nashville. The next day we
marched on a road leading by old cotton fields, and felt we were
in the heart of the slaveholding South. The slaves were of an
apparently different type from those in Kentucky, though still of
many shades of color, varying from pure African black to oily-white.
The eye, in many instances, had to be resorted to, to decide whether
there was any black blood in them. But these negroes were shrewd,
and had the idea of liberty uppermost in their minds. They had
heard that the Northern army was coming to make them free. Their
masters had probably talked of this in their hearing. They believed
the time for their freedom had come. Untutored as they all were,
they understood somehow they were the cause of the war. As our
column advanced, regardless of sex, and in families, they abandoned
the fields and