n on
him, injuring his leg and spraining an ankle so much that his boot
had to be cut off. He was unable to walk without the aid of crutches
for some days after the battle.( 7)

In the controversy as to whether the Union Army at Shiloh was
surprised on the morning of the first day I do not care to enter.
The testimony of Sherman and his brigade commander, General Ralph
P. Buckland, as well as that of Grant, will all of whom I have
conversed on this point, should be taken as conclusive, that as
early as the 4th of April they knew of the presence of considerable
organizations of Confederate cavalry, and that on the evening of
the 5th they had encountered such numbers of the enemy as to satisfy
the Union officers on the field that the enemy contemplated making
an attack; yet it is quite certain these officers did not know on
the evening of April 5th that the splendidly officered and organized
Confederate Army was in position in front and close up to Shiloh
Church as a centre, in full array, with a definite plan, fully
understood by all its officers, for a battle on the morrow. Nothing
had gone amiss in Johnston's plan, save the loss of _one day_,
which postponed the opening of the attack from dawn of Saturday to
the same time on Sunday. The friends of the Confederacy will never
cease to deplore the loss, on the march from Corinth of this _one_
day. Many yet pretend to think the fate of slavery and the
Confederacy turned on it. Grant was not quite so well prepared
for battle on Saturday as on Sunday, and no part of the Army of
the Ohio could or would have come to his aid sooner than Sunday.
Grant, however, says he did not despair of success without Buell's
army,( 7)

Grant, when the battle opened, was nine miles by boat from Pittsburg
Landing, which was at least two more miles from Shiloh Church,
where the battle opened. Up to the morning of the battle he had
apprehensions that an attack might be made on Crump's Landing, Lew
Wallace's position, with a view to the destruction of the Union
stores and transports.( 7) He heard the first distant sound of
battle while at Savannah eating breakfast,( 7) and by dispatch-boat
hastened to reach his already fiercely assailed troops, pausing
only long enough to order Nelson to march to Pittsburg Landing and,
while _en route_, to direct Wallace, at Crump's Landing, to put
his division under arms ready for any orders. Certain it is that
the Union division commanders at Shiloh