to the meaning of the Roman word Province, see Caius
Gracchus, c. 19, note.]

[Footnote 58: Bribery at elections among the Romans was called
Ambitus, which literally signifies "a going about;" it then came to
signify canvassing, solicitation, the giving and promising of money
for votes, and all the means for accomplishing this end, in which the
recurrence of elections at Rome annually made candidates very expert.
The first law specially directed against the giving of money
(largitiones) was the Lex Cornelia Baebia, B.C. 182; and there were
many subsequent enactments, but all failed to accomplish their object.
The Lex Baebia incapacitated him who gave a bribe to obtain office from
filling any office for ten years.]

[Footnote 59: His alleged intemperance consisted in not being able to
endure thirst on such an occasion. His real offence was his conduct
which made him suspected of acting as an agent of Marius in the
election. It was one of the duties of the Censors, when revising the
lists of Equites and Senators, to erase the names of those whom they
considered unworthy of the rank, and this without giving any reason
for it.]

[Footnote 60: The words Patron and Client are now used by us, but,
like many other Roman terms, not in the original or proper sense.
Dominus and Servus, Master and Slave, were terms placed in opposition
to one another, like Patron and Client, Patronus and Cliens. A master
who manumitted his slave became his Patronus, a kind of father (for
Patronus is derived from Pater, father): the slave was called the
Patron's Libertus, freedman; and all Liberti were included in the
class Libertini. Libertinus is another example of a word which we use
(libertine), though not in the Roman sense. But the old Roman relation
of Patron and Client was not this. Originally the heads of
distinguished families had a number of retainers or followers who were
called their Clients, a word which perhaps originally meant those who
were bound to hear and to obey a common head. It was a tradition that
when Atta Claudius, the head of the great Claudian Gens, who were
Sabines, was admitted among the Roman Patricians, he brought with him
a large body of clients to whom land was given north of the Anio, now
the Teverone. (Livius, 2, c. 16; Suetonius, _Tiberius_, c. 1.) The
precise relation of the early clients to their leaders is one of the
most difficult questions in Roman History, and much too extensive to
be discussed here. It