there has been a notion advanced that
the emotion of hatred is much stronger in cold weather, a theory
exemplified by the assassination of Paul of Russia, the execution of
Charles of England, and that of Louis of France. Emotions, such as
love, bravery, patriotism, etc., together with diverse forms of
excitement, seem to augment the ability of the human body to endure
cold.

Cold seems to have little effect on the generative function. In both
Sweden, Norway, and other Northern countries the families are as large,
if not larger, than in other countries. Cold undoubtedly imparts vigor,
and, according to DeThou, Henry III lost his effeminacy and love of
pleasure in winter and reacquired a spirit of progress and reformation.
Zimmerman has remarked that in a rigorous winter the lubberly Hollander
is like the gayest Frenchman. Cold increases appetite, and Plutarch
says Brutus experienced intense bulimia while in the mountains, barely
escaping perishing. With full rations the Greek soldiers under Xenophon
suffered intense hunger as they traversed the snow-clad mountains of
Armenia.

Beaupre remarks that those who have the misfortune to be buried under
the snow perish less quickly than those who are exposed to the open
air, his observations having been made during the retreat of the French
army from Moscow. In Russia it is curious to see fish frozen stiff,
which, after transportation for great distances, return to life when
plunged into cold water.

Sudden death from cold baths and cold drinks has been known for many
centuries. Mauriceau mentions death from cold baptism on the head, and
Graseccus, Scaliger, Rush, Schenck, and Velschius mention deaths from
cold drinks. Aventii, Fabricius Hildanus, the Ephemerides, and Curry
relate instances of a fatal issue following the ingestion of cold water
by an individual in a superheated condition. Cridland describes a case
of sudden insensibility following the drinking of a cold fluid. It is
said that Alexander the Great narrowly escaped death from a
constrictive spasm, due to the fact that while in a copious sweat he
plunged into the river Cydnus. Tissot gives an instance of a man dying
at a fountain after a long draught on a hot day. Hippocrates mentions
a similar fact, and there are many modern instances.

The ordinary effects of cold on the skin locally and the system
generally will not be mentioned here, except to add the remark of
Captain Wood that in Greenland, among his par