on was very profuse. Those who had to work a long
time lost their appetites, became emaciated, and congestion of the lung
and brain was observed. The movements of the limbs were easier than in
normal air, though afterward muscular and rheumatic pains were often
observed.

The peculiar and extraordinary development of the remaining special
senses when one of the number is lost has always been a matter of great
interest. Deaf people have always been remarkable for their acuteness
of vision, touch, and smell. Blind persons, again, almost invariably
have the sense of hearing, touch, and what might be called the senses
of location and temperature exquisitely developed. This substitution of
the senses is but; an example of the great law of compensation which we
find throughout nature.

Jonston quotes a case in the seventeenth century of a blind man who, it
is said, could tell black from white by touch alone; several other
instances are mentioned in a chapter entitled "De compensatione naturae
monstris facta." It must, however, be held impossible that blind people
can thus distinguish colors in any proper sense of the words. Different
colored yarns, for example, may have other differences of texture,
etc., that would be manifest to the sense of touch. We know of one case
in which the different colors were accurately distinguished by a blind
girl, but only when located in customary and definite positions. Le Cat
speaks of a blind organist, a native of Holland, who still played the
organ as well as ever. He could distinguish money by touch, and it is
also said that he made himself familiar with colors. He was fond of
playing cards, but became such a dangerous opponent, because in
shuffling he could tell what cards and hands had been dealt, that he
was never allowed to handle any but his own cards.

It is not only in those who are congenitally deficient in any of the
senses that the remarkable examples of compensation are seen, but
sometimes late in life these are developed. The celebrated sculptor,
Daniel de Volterre, became blind after he had obtained fame, and
notwithstanding the deprivation of his chief sense he could, by touch
alone, make a statue in clay after a model. Le Cat also mentions a
woman, perfectly deaf, who without any instruction had learned to
comprehend anything said to her by the movements of the lips alone. It
was not necessary to articulate any sound, but only to give the labial
movements. When tried in