EXTERNAL
JUSTICIARY RELATIONS

"We, the people of the United States, in order to form a
more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic
tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the
general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to
ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution for the United States of America....

"The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the
United States of America....

"The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all
needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or
other property belonging to the United States....

"The Judicial power of the United States shall be vested in
one Supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the
Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.... The
Judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity,
arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United
States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under
their authority."

The Constitutional Convention. The Constitution of the
United States, of September 17, 1787.

THE AMERICAN SYSTEM DIFFERENTIATED FROM THE EUROPEAN BY
PRESIDENT WASHINGTON

"Of all the dispositions and habits which lead to political
prosperity, religion and morality are indispensable
supports. In vain would that man claim the tribute of
patriotism who should labor to subvert these great pillars
of human happiness--these firmest props of the duties of men
and citizens. The mere politician, equally with the pious
man, ought to respect and cherish them. A volume could not
trace all their connections with private and public
felicity....

"Observe good faith and justice toward all nations.
Cultivate peace and harmony with all. Religion and morality
enjoin this conduct. And can it be that good policy does not
equally enjoin it?...

"The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign
nations is, in extending our commercial relations, to have
with them as little political connection as possible....

"Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none
or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in
frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially
foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwi