of
all inferior animals for future breeding, the progeny of beef sires may
be brought up to the level of the pure breed for beef making from which
the sires have been selected in four generations. To bring milking
qualities up to the level may call for one or two more generations of
such breeding. Not only do these grade animals answer almost equally
well, with pure breeds, but they may be bought for much less.

If cows are to produce a maximum return in milk, they must be kept in
comfort. In winter they are usually tied in the stall. The light should
be ample and the ventilation thorough. Lack of proper ventilation causes
the spread of tuberculosis in cattle.

Cows must be allowed exercise, even in winter.

They should be allowed to go out daily for an hour or more into a
sheltered yard, save on days when the weather is extreme; or, better
still, be given the liberty of a closed and well-ventilated shed during
a portion of the day. It should be supplied with a fodder rack.

In summer, cows in milk must be protected from storms, from excessive
sunshine, and from flies, as far as this may be practicable. Pratts Fly
Chaser is unequalled as a fly repellant. It is perfectly safe to use,
does not injure or gum the hair, and is economical. A light spray is
both lasting and effective.

Cows in milk should be driven gently. The pasture should not be too
distant from the stable, and driving during the heat of the day should
be avoided.

The quality of milk is easily injured by coming in direct contact with
foreign substances or by imbibing odors. The milk must be drawn from
clean udders, with clean hands, into clean pails, and amid clean
surroundings. The stables must have attention. The udder and teats
should be wiped off by using a damp cloth. Milking should be done with
dry hands into metal pails, kept clean by scalding. Milking before
feeding prevents dust particles from getting into the milk. Noxious
odors are kept down by the prompt removal of droppings and by strewing
sand, plaster, rock phosphate, or dry earth in the manure gutters.

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_Elderton, Pa.

"I have used Pratts Cow Remedy with best results. I fully believe
it cannot be surpassed for increasing the flow of milk."

JAS. YOUNG._
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Unless milking is done at stated times, and by the same person