y _Poiana richardsoni_, a
small species with a spotted genet-like coat, and also with a narrow
naked stripe on the under surface of the metatarsus, as in genets.

Here may be placed the two African spotted palm-civets of the genus
_Nandinia_, namely _N. binotata_ from the west and _N. gerrardi_ from
the east forest-region. In common with the true palm-civets, they have
a dentition numerically identical with that of _Viverra_ and
_Genetta_, but the cusps of the hinder premolars and molars are much
less sharp and pointed. They are peculiar in that the wall of the
inner chamber of the auditory bulla never ossifies, while the
paroccipital process is not flattened out and spread over the bulla.
In this respect they resemble the Miocene European genus _Amphictis_,
as they do in the form of their teeth, so that they may be regarded as
nearly related to the ancestral _Viverridae_, and forming in some
degree a connecting link between the present and the next subfamily.
_Nandinia_ is also peculiar in possessing a kind of rudimentary
marsupial pouch. Apparently _Eupleres goudoti_, of Madagascar, which
has been generally classed in the _Herpestinae_, is a nearly related
animal, characterized by the reduction of its dentition, due to
insectivorous habits (fig. 3); the canines being small, the anterior
premolars canine-like, and the hinder premolars molariform. It is a
uniformly-coloured creature of medium size.

[Illustration: FIG. 3.--Skull of _Eupleres goudoti_.]

The palm-civets, or paradoxures, constituting the Asiatic genus
_Paradoxurus_, have, as already stated, the following dental formula,
viz. i. 3/3, c. 1/1, p. 4/4, m. 2/2, total 40; the cusps of the molars
being low and blunted, and these teeth in the upper jaw much broader
than in the civets. The head is pointed in front, with small rounded
ears; the limbs are of medium length, with the soles of the feet
almost completely naked, and fully retractile claws; while the long
tail is not prehensile and clothed with hair of moderate length. Spots
are the chief type of marking. The vertebrae number C. 7, D. 13, L. 7,
S. 3, Ca. 29-36. Numerous relatively large species ranging from India
to Borneo, Sumatra and Celebes, with one in Tibet, represent the
genus. Nearly allied are _Arctogale leucotis_, with a wide
distribution, and _A. trivirgata_, of Java, both longitudinally
striped species, with small and sli