er
Caffieri was, indeed, the most consummate practitioner of the _style
rocaille_, which he constantly redeemed from its mannered conventionalism
by the ease and mastery with which he treated it. From the studio in which
he and his son worked side by side came an amazing amount of work, chiefly
in the shape of those gilded bronze mounts which in the end became more
insistent than the pieces of furniture which they adorned. Little of his
achievement was ordinary; an astonishingly large proportion of it is
famous. There is in the Wallace collection (Hertford House, London) a
commode from the hand of Jacques Caffieri in which the brilliance and
spontaneity, the sweeping boldness and elegance of line that mark his style
at its best, are seen in a perfection hardly exceeded in any other example.
Also at Hertford House is the exceptionally fine lustre which was a wedding
present from Louis XV. to Louise Elizabeth of France. After Jacques' death
his son Philippe continued to work for the crown, but had many private
clients. He made a great cross and six candlesticks for the high altar of
Notre Dame, which disappeared in the revolution, but similar work for
Bayeux cathedral still exists. A wonderful enamelled toilet set which he
executed for the Princess of Asturias has also disappeared. Philippe's
style was gradually modified into that which prevailed in the third quarter
of the 18th century, since by 1777, when he died, the taste for the
magnificent mounts of his early days had passed away. Like his father, he
drew large sums from the crown, usually after giving many years' credit,
while many other years were needed by his heirs to get in the balance of
the royal indebtedness. Philippe's younger brother, Jean Jacques Caffieri
(1725-1792), was a sculptor, but was sufficiently adept in the treatment of
metals to design the fine _rampe d'escalier_ which still adorns the Palais
Royal.

CAFTAN, or KAFTAN (a Turkish word, also in use in Persia), a tunic or
under-dress with long hanging sleeves, tied with a girdle at the waist,
worn in the East by persons of both sexes. The caftan was worn by the upper
and middle classes in Russia till the time of Peter the Great, when it was
generally discarded.

CAGLI, a town and (with Pergola) an episcopal see of the Marches, Italy, in
the province of Pesaro and Urbino, 18 m. S. of the latter town by rail, and
830 ft. above sea-level. Pop. (1901) of town, 4628; commune, 12,533. The
church of S.