riegsrecht_ (1866); _Das moderns Volkerrecht_ (1868), and _Das
Beuterecht im Krieg_ (1878) are likely to remain invaluable text-books
in this branch of the science of jurisprudence. He also wrote a pamphlet
on the "Alabama" case.

Bluntschli was one of the founders, at Ghent in 1873, of the Institute
of International Law, and was the representative of the German emperor
at the conference on the international laws of war at Brussels. During
the latter years of his life he took a lively interest in the
_Protestantenverein_, a society formed to combat reactionary and
ultramontane views of theology. He died suddenly at Karlsruhe on the
21st of October 1881. His library was acquired by Johns Hopkins
University at Baltimore, U.S.A.

Among his works, other than those before mentioned, may be cited
_Deutsches Privatrecht_ (1853-1854); _Deutsche Staatslehre fur
Gebildete_ (1874); and _Deutsche Staatslehre und die heutige
Staatenwelt_ (1880).

For notices of Bluntschli's life and works see his interesting
autobiography, _Denkwurdiges aus meinem Leben_ (1884); von
Holtzendorff, _Bluntschli und seine Verdienste um die
Staatswissenschaften_ (1882); Brockhaus, _Konversations-Lexicon_
(1901); and a biography by Meyer von Kronau, in _Allgemeine deutsche
Biographie_.

BLYTH, a market town and seaport of Northumberland, England, in the
parliamentary borough of Morpeth, 9 m. E.S.E. of that town, at the mouth
of the river Blyth, on a branch of the North Eastern railway. Pop. of
urban district (1901) 5472. This is the port for a considerable
coal-mining district, and its harbour, on the south side of the river,
is provided with mechanical appliances for shipping coal. There are five
dry docks, and upwards of 1-1/2 m. of quayage. Timber is largely
imported. Some shipbuilding and the manufacture of rope, sails and
ship-fittings are carried on, and the fisheries are valuable. Blyth is
also in considerable favour as a watering-place; there are a pleasant
park, a pier, protecting the harbour, about 1 m. in length, and a sandy
beach affording sea-bathing. The river Blyth rises near the village of
Kirkheaton, and has an easterly course of about 25 m. through a deep,
well-wooded and picturesque valley.

B'NAI B'RITH (or SONS OF THE COVENANT), INDEPENDENT ORDER OF, a Jewish
fraternal society. It was founded at New York in 1843 by a number of
German Jews, headed by Henry Jones, and is the oldest as well as the
largest o