rn Egypt_ (2 vols.,
London, 1908). In this invaluable work the history of Egypt from 1875
to 1892 and that of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan from 1882 to 1907 is
treated fully. Lord Cromer's annual reports (1888-1906) to the British
government on the affairs of Egypt should also be consulted. Next in
interest are Alfred (Lord) Milner's _England in Egypt_ (11th ed.,
London, 1904), and Sir A. Colvin's _The Making of Modern Egypt_
(London, 1906). Consult also _Khedives and Pashas_ (London, 1884), by
C. F. Moberly Bell (published anonymously); D. M. Wallace, _Egypt and
the Egyptian Question_ (London, 1883); W. S. Blunt, _Secret History of
the English Occupation of Egypt_ (2nd ed., London, 1907), a partisan
record; C. v. Malortie, _Egypt_, _Native Rulers and Foreign
Interference_, 2 vols. (London, 1883); O. Borelli, _Choses politiques
d'Egypte_, 1883-1895 (Paris, 1895); H. Resener, _Agypten unter
englischer Okkupation_ (Berlin, 1896). Morley's _Life of Gladstone_
and Fitzmaurice's _Life of Granville_ throw considerable light on the
inner history of the period 1880-1893. See further the historical
works cited in SUDAN: _Anglo-Egyptian_, and those given at the end of
the first section of this article.

For military operations 1882-1899 see C. Royle, _The Egyptian
Campaigns 1882 to 1899_, revised ed. (London, 1900); H. Brackenbury,
_Narrative of the Advance of the River Column of the Nile
Expeditionary Force_ (Edinburgh, 1885); Sir W. F. Butler, _Campaign of
the Cataracts_ (London, 1887); Count A. E. W. Gleichen, _With the
Camel Corps up the Nile_ (London, 1888); _Gordon's Last Journal_
(London, 1885); Sir C. W. Wilson, _From Korti to Khartum_ (Edinburgh,
1886); J. Grant, _Cassell's History of the War in the Soudan_, 6 vols.
(London, 1885 et seq.); "An Officer," _Sudan Campaigns_ 1896-1899
(London, 1899); G. W. Steevens, _With Kitchener to Khartum_
(Edinburgh, 1898); W. S. Churchill, _The River War_, new edition
(London, 1902).

Bibliographical notes for each section of this article are given in
their several places. The following bibliographies may be consulted:
Ibrahim Hilmi, _Literature of Egypt and the Soudan_, 2 vols. (London,
1886-1888); H. Jolowicz, _Bibliotheca aegyptiaca_ (Leipzig, 1858;
supplement, 1861); M. Hartmann, _The Arabic Press of Egypt_ (London,
1899). (F. R. C.)

MILITARY OPERATIONS OF 1882-1885

Bombardment of Alexandria.

In F