d to regard it as a later incrustation,
as something of which Judaism had reason to be ashamed." The writer goes
on to express the opinion that "the recent tendency requires adjustment.
The Kabbala, though later in form than is claimed by its adherents, is
far older in material than is allowed by its detractors."

[35] Vulliaud, op. cit., I. 22.

[36] Ibid., I. 13, 14, quoting Edersheim, _La Societe Juive an temps de
Jesus-Christ_ (French translation), pp. 363-4

[37] See chapters on this question by Gougenot des Mousseaux in _Le
Juif, le Judaisme et la Judaisation des Peisples Chretiens_, pp. 499 and
following (2nd edition, 1886). The first edition of this book, published
in 1869, is said to have been bought up and destroyed by the Jews, and
the author died a sudden death before the second edition could be
published.

[38] Eliphas Levi, _Histoire de la Magie_, pp. 46, 105. (Eliphas Levi
was the pseudonym of the celebrated nineteenth-century occultist the
Abbe Constant.)

[39] _Lexicon of Freemasonry_, p. 323.

[40] Ginsburg op. cit. p. 105; _Jewish Encyclopaedia_, article on Cabala.

[41] Gougenot des Mousseaux, _Le Juif, le Judaisms el la Judaisation des
Peuples Chretiens_, p. 503 (1886).

[42] P. L. B. Drach _De l'Harmonie entre l'Eglise et la Synagogue_, Vol.
I. p. xiii (1844). M. Vulliaud (op. cit., II. 245) points out that, as
far as he can discover Drach's work has never met with any refutation
from the Jews, by whom it was received in complete silence. The _Jewish
Encyclopaedia_ has an article on Drach in which it says he was brought up
in a Talmudic school and afterwards became converted to Christianity,
but makes no attempt to challenge his statements.

[43] Drach, op. cit., Vol. II. p. xix

[44] Franck, op. cit., p. 127.

[45] De Pauly's translation. Vol. V. pp. 336-8, 343-6.

[46] Zohar, treatise Beschalah, folio 59_b_ (De Pauly, III. 265).

[47] Zohar, Toldoth Noah, folio 69_a_ (De Pauly, I. 408).

[48] Zohar, treatise Beschalah, folio 48_a_ (De Pauly, III. 219).

[49] Ibid., folio 44a (De Pauly, III. 200).

[50] _Jewish Encyclopaedia_, article on Cabala.

[51] Adolf Erman, _Life in Ancient Egypt_, p. 32.

[52] Zohar, treatise Toldoth Noah, folio 59b (De Pauly, I. 347).

[53] Zohar, treatise Lekh-Lekha, folio 94a (De Pauly, I. 535).

[54] Zohar, treatise Bereschith, folio 26a (De Pauly, I. 161).

[55] The _Emek ha Melek_ is the work of the Cabalist Napthali, a
disciple of Luria.