ar program
to make the difficult transition from a command to a market economy.
Inflation and unemployment are beginning to rise, albeit from
comparatively low levels.

_#_GNP: $120.3 billion, per capita $7,700; real growth rate - 2.9%
(1990 est.)

_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 9% (1990 est.)

_#_Unemployment rate: officially 0.8% (1990)

_#_Budget: revenues $17.1 billion; expenditures $16.8 billion,
including capital expenditures of $1.5 billion (1991)

_#_Exports: $14.4 billion (f.o.b., 1989);

commodities--machinery and equipment 42.7%; fuels, minerals,
and metals 16.4%; agricultural and forestry products 12.5%, other
28.4%;

partners--USSR, GDR, Poland, Hungary, FRG, Yugoslavia, Austria,
Bulgaria, Romania, US

_#_Imports: $14.3 billion (f.o.b., 1989);

commodities--machinery and equipment 38.6%;
fuels, minerals, and metals 24.1%; agricultural and forestry
products 16.4%; other 20.9%;

partners--USSR, GDR, Poland, Hungary, FRG, Yugoslavia, Austria,
Bulgaria, Romania, US

_#_External debt: $7.6 billion, hard currency indebtedness (September
1990)

_#_Industrial production: growth rate - 3.3% (1990 est.); accounts
for almost 50% of GDP

_#_Electricity: 23,000,000 kW capacity; 90,000 million kWh produced,
5,740 kWh per capita (1990)

_#_Industries: iron and steel, machinery and equipment, cement, sheet
glass, motor vehicles, armaments, chemicals, ceramics, wood, paper
products, footwear

_#_Agriculture: accounts for 7% of GNP (includes forestry); largely
self-sufficient in food production; diversified crop and livestock
production, including grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit, hogs,
cattle, and poultry; exporter of forest products

_#_Economic aid: donor--$4.2 billion in bilateral aid to non-Communist
less developed countries (1954-89)

_#_Currency: koruna (plural--koruny); 1 koruna (Kc) = 100 haleru

_#_Exchange rates: koruny (Kcs) per US$1--27.65 (January 1991),
17.95 (1990), 15.05 (1989), 14.36 (1988), 13.69 (1987), 14.99 (1986),
17.14 (1985)

_#_Fiscal year: calendar year

_*_Communications
_#_Railroads: 13,103 km total; 12,855 km 1.435-meter standard gauge,
102 km 1.520-meter broad gauge, 146 km 0.750- and 0.760-meter narrow
gauge; 2,861 km double track; 3,798 km electrified; government owned
(1988)

_#_Highways: 73,540 km total; including 517 km superhighway (1988)

_#_Inland waterways: 475 km (1988); the Elbe (Labe) is the princip