tal goods 25%, petroleum
products 10%
partners: Japan 24%, US 18%, Singapore 7%, Taiwan 6%, South Korea 5%
(1994)

External debt: $41 billion (1995 est.)

Economic aid:
recipient: ODA, $934 million (1993)

Currency: 1 Philippine peso (P) = 100 centavos

Exchange rates: Philippine pesos (P) per US$1 - 26.206 (December
1995), 25.714 (1995), 26.417 (1994), 27.120 (1993), 25.512 (1992),
27.479 (1991)

Fiscal year: calendar year

Transportation
--------------

Railways:
total: 499 km
narrow gauge: 499 km 1.067-m gauge (1993)

Highways:
total: 160,633 km
paved: 22,489 km
unpaved: 138,144 km (1992 est.)

Waterways: 3,219 km; limited to shallow-draft (less than 1.5 m)
vessels

Pipelines: petroleum products 357 km

Ports: Batangas, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Guimaras Island,
Iligan, Iloilo, Jolo, Legaspi, Manila, Masao, Puerto Princesa, San
Fernando, Subic Bay, Zamboanga

Merchant marine:
total: 535 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 8,033,849
GRT/13,101,188 DWT
ships by type: bulk 230, cargo 126, chemical tanker 3, combination
bulk 11, container 12, liquefied gas tanker 9, livestock carrier 12,
oil tanker 44, passenger 2, passenger-cargo 12, refrigerated cargo
19, roll-on/roll-off cargo 12, short-sea passenger 18, vehicle
carrier 25
note: a flag of convenience registry; Japan owns 22 ships, Hong Kong
4, Switzerland 1, Taiwan 1, Denmark 1, and UK 1 (1995 est.)

Airports:
total: 235
with paved runways over 3 047 m: 2
with paved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 7
with paved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 25
with paved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 31
with paved runways under 914 m: 104
with unpaved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 3
with unpaved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 63 (1995 est.)

Communications
--------------

Telephones: 887,229 (1993 est.)

Telephone system: good international radiotelephone and submarine
cable services; domestic and interisland service adequate
domestic: domestic satellite system with 11 earth stations
international: submarine cables to Hong Kong, Guam, Singapore,
Taiwan, and Japan; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Indian
Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean)

Radio broadcast stations: AM 261, FM 55, shortwave 0

Radios: 9.03 million (1992 est.)

Television broadcast stations: 29

Televisions: 7 million (1993 est.)

Defense
-------

Branches: Army, Navy (includes Coast Guard and Marine Corps), Air