enings directly opposite each other cause
a rapid circulation of air or a "direct
draught".

(2) Indirect openings cause a slower
circulation of air or an "indirect draught".

2. By a cross current of air which tends to check the draught.

FUELS

A discussion of the fuels may next be taken. With pupils of Form IV it
will not be wise to go into too many details regarding these. Besides
the classification of the commonest ones, they may be compared from the
standpoints of cost, and of the time and labour required in their use.

Classes of Fuels:

Liquid--coal-oil, gasolene, alcohol

Solid--coal (coke), wood (charcoal)

Gaseous--natural gas, coal gas.

NOTE.--Electricity is a means of producing
heat, but cannot be called a fuel.

THE KITCHEN STOVE

LESSON II

In developing the construction of a practical coal or wood range, it is
a good idea to use the black-board and make a rough drawing to
illustrate the details, as they are given by the pupils. These details
should be evolved from the knowledge gained in the preceding lessons,
and the drawing should not be an illustration of any particular stove.

After the best practical stove, according to the pupils' ideas, has been
thought out and represented on the black-board, they should examine and
criticise the school range and the stoves at home. They are then ready
to be given the responsibility of managing any ordinary range.

* * * * *

The following are the necessary details to be considered regarding a
kitchen stove:

Material.--(1) Iron, (2) steel

Shape.--Rectangular.

Compartments.--(1) Fire-box, (2) ash-box, (3) oven, (4) passage for hot
air, (5) other compartments if desired, such as water tank, warming
closet, etc.

Dampers.--(1) Front damper--below the fuel, to control the entrance of
oxygen to the fuel. (2) Oven damper--above the fuel at the entrance to
the pipe, to control the heat for the oven, and also to control the
draught. (3) Check damper--at the front of the stove above the fuel, to
admit a cross current of air to check the draught.

Management of the stove.--(1) Lighting the fire, (2) heating the oven,
(3) arranging for over night, (4) cleaning and care.

NOTE.--Openings below the level of the fire
increase the draught, and those above the level
check it.

[Illustration: A kitchen coa