head with fifty-one per cent.
Baumgarten has stated that in Vienna the proportion of servants
is fifty-eight per cent.

In England, according to the Report of a Select Committee of the
Lords on the laws for the protection of children, sixty per cent,
of prostitutes have been servants. F. Remo, in his _Vie Galante
en Angleterre_, states the proportion as eighty per cent. It
would appear to be even higher as regards the West End of London.
Taking London as a whole the extensive statistics of Merrick
(_Work Among the Fallen_), chaplain of the Millbank Prison,
showed that out of 14,790 prostitutes, 5823, or about forty per
cent., had previously been servants, laundresses coming next, and
then dressmakers; classifying his data somewhat more summarily
and roughly, Merrick found that the proportion of servants was
fifty-three per cent.

In America, among two thousand prostitutes, Sanger states that
forty-three per cent, had been servants, dressmakers coming next,
but at a long interval, with six per cent. (Sanger, _History of
Prostitution_, p. 524). Among Philadelphia prostitutes, Goodchild
states that "domestics are probably in largest proportion,"
although some recruits may be found from almost any occupation.

It is the same in other countries. In Italy, according to Tammeo
(_La Prostituzione_, p. 100), servants come first among
prostitutes with a proportion of twenty-eight per cent., followed
by the group of dressmakers, tailoresses and milliners, seventeen
per cent. In Sardinia, A Mantegazza states, most prostitutes are
servants from the country. In Russia, according to Fiaux, the
proportion is forty-five per cent. In Madrid, according to Eslava
(as quoted by Bernaldo de Quiros and Llanas Aguilaniedo (_La Mala
Vida, en Madrid_, p. 239)), servants come at the head of
registered prostitutes with twenty-seven per cent.--almost the
same proportion as in Italy--and are followed by dressmakers. In
Sweden, according to Welander (_Monatshefte fuer Praktische
Dermatologie_, 1899, p. 477) among 2541 inscribed prostitutes,
1586 (or sixty-two per cent.) were domestic servants; at a long
interval followed 210 seamstresses, then 168 factory workers,
etc.

2. _The Biological Factor of Prostitution_.--Economic considerations, as
we see, have a highly important modificatory influence on prost