they are a class of women apart; they are not
entitled to the considerations and the little courtesies usually
paid to other women; in some countries they are even registered,
like prostitutes; it is scarcely surprising that when they suffer
from so many of the disadvantages of the prostitute, they should
sometimes desire to possess also some of her advantages. Lily
Braun (_Frauenfrage_, pp. 389 et seq.) has set forth in detail
these unfavorable conditions of domestic labor as they bear on
the tendency of servant-girls to become prostitutes. R. de
Ryckere, in his important work, _La Servante Criminelle_ (1907,
pp. 460 et seq.; cf., the same author's article, "La Criminalite
Ancillaire," _Archives d'Anthropologie Criminelle_, July and
December, 1906), has studied the psychology of the servant-girl.
He finds that she is specially marked by lack of foresight,
vanity, lack of invention, tendency to imitation, and mobility of
mind. These are characters which ally her to the prostitute. De
Ryckere estimates the proportion of former servants among
prostitutes generally as fifty per cent., and adds that what is
called the "white slavery" here finds its most complacent and
docile victims. He remarks, however, that the servant prostitute
is, on the whole, not so much immoral as non-moral.

In Paris Parent-Duchatelet found that, in proportion to their
number, servants furnished the largest contingent to
prostitution, and his editors also found that they head the list
(Parent-Duchatelet, edition 1857, vol. i, p. 83). Among
clandestine prostitutes at Paris, Commenge has more recently
found that former servants constitute forty per cent. In Bordeaux
Jeannel (_De le Prostitution Publique_, p. 102) also found that
in 1860 forty per cent, of prostitutes had been servants,
seamstresses coming next with thirty-seven per cent.

In Germany and Austria it has long been recognized that domestic
service furnishes the chief number of recruits to prostitution.
Lippert, in Germany, and Gross-Hoffinger, in Austria, pointed out
this predominance of maid-servants and its significance before
the middle of the nineteenth century, and more recently Blaschko
has stated ("Hygiene der Syphilis" in Weyl's _Handbuch der
Hygiene_, Bd. ii, p. 40) that among Berlin prostitutes in 1898
maid-servants stand at the