ged leaves linear, emersed and floating leaves obovate
=Water Starwort, Callitriche palustris.=

EMPETRACEAE, the Crowberry Family

Low evergreen shrubs, with the linear leaves completely rolled into a
tube, and inconspicuous flowers without petals, in the axils of the
leaves.

One species in Michigan, 1-3 dm. high; leaves less than 1 cm. long;
flowers in summer =Crowberry, Empetrum nigrum.=

LIMNANTHACEAE, the False Mermaid Family

Low herbs with alternate compound leaves and minute axillary flowers;
sepals 3, petals 3, stamens 6.

One species in Michigan, with stems 1-3 dm. long, and flowers in late
spring =False Mermaid, Floerkea proserpinacoides.=

ANACARDIACEAE, the Cashew Family

Shrubs or small trees, with milky or resinous juice, alternate compound
leaves sometimes poisonous to the touch, and small clustered greenish or
yellowish flowers.

1a. Leaflets 7 to many (1-5 m. high) (Sumach) --2.

1b. Leaflets 3-5.

2a. Axis of the leaves wing-margined between the leaflets
=Sumach, Rhus copallina.=

2b. Axis of the leaves not margined --3.

3a. Leaflets entire =Poison Sumach, Rhus vernix.=

3b. Leaflets serrate --4.

4a. Bark of the older stems glabrous =Sumach, Rhus glabra.=

4b. Bark of the older stems densely velvety-hairy
=Sumach, Rhus typhina.=

5a. Terminal leaflet narrowed to a sessile base (5-20 dm. high)
=Sumach, Rhus canadensis.=

5b. Terminal leaflet on a definite stalk, round or acute at base (3-8
dm. high, or climbing by hold-fast roots)
=Poison Ivy, Rhus toxicodendron.=

AQUIFOLIACEAE, the Holly Family

Shrubs, with alternate simple leaves and small white or greenish
axillary flowers in late spring and early summer; sepals, petals, and
stamens each 4-6; fruit a berry.

1a. Leaves entire or nearly so, 1-3 cm. long (1-2 m. tall)
=Mountain Holly, Nemopanthus mucronata.=

1b. Leaves sharply serrate, 5-8 cm. long (2-5 m. high) (Black Alder)
--2.

2a. Leaves downy on the veins beneath; fruit red
=Black Alder, Ilex verticillata.=

2b. Leaves nearly or quite gl