ing the characteristic alliaceous color.

* * * * *

The following metals, or their compounds, are reduced when fused with
soda on charcoal, in the flame of reduction. They are reduced to
metallic particles, but give no incrustation, viz. nickel, cobalt,
iron, tin, copper, gold, silver, platinum, tungsten, and molybdenum.

The particles of iron, nickel, and cobalt, it should be borne in mind,
are attracted by the magnet.

The following substances are neither fused nor reduced in soda, viz.
alumina, magnesia, lime, baryta, strontia, the oxide of uranium, the
oxides of cerium, zirconia, tantalic acid, thorina, glucina, and
yttria. Neither are the alkalies, as they sink into the charcoal. The
carbonates of the earths, strontia, and baryta fuse.

* * * * *

Part III

SPECIAL REACTIONS; OR, THE BEHAVIOR OF SUBSTANCES BEFORE THE BLOWPIPE.

Analytical chemistry may be termed the art of converting the unknown
constituents of substances, by means of certain operations, into new
combinations which we recognize through the physical and chemical
properties which they manifest.

It is, therefore, indispensably necessary, not only to be cognizant of
the peculiar conditions by which these operations can be effected, but
it is absolutely necessary to be acquainted with the forms and
combinations of the resulting product, and with every modification
which may be produced by altering the conditions of the analysis.

We shall first give the behavior of simple substances before the
blowpipe; and the student should study this part thoroughly, by
repeating each reaction, so that he can acquire a knowledge of the
color, form, and physical properties in general, of the resulting
combination. There is nothing, perhaps, which will contribute more
readily to the progress of the pupil, than thorough practice with the
reactions recommended in this part of the work, for when once the
student shall have acquired a practical eye in the discernment of the
peculiar appearances of substances after they have undergone the
decompositions produced by the strong heat of the blowpipe flame,
together with the reactions incident to these changes, then he will
have greatly progressed in his study, and the rest will be
comparatively simple.

A. METALLIC OXIDES.

GROUP FIRST.--THE ALKALIES: POTASSA, SODA, AMMONIA, AND LITHIA.

The alkalies, in their pure, or carbonated state,